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激光生物学报

激光生物学报

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本刊的前身是《激光生物学》杂志，创刊于1992年。1997年经国家科委和新闻出版署批准改为现刊名，是由中国科协主管、中国遗传学会主办、湖南师范大学承办、华南师范大学激光生命科学研究所、安徽农业大学生命科学学院、上海交通大学激光与光子生物医学研究所、中国海洋大学物理系、福建师范大学激光与光电信息科技学院、甘肃亚盛集团博士后科研工作站北京分站等协办,由国内外有关专家、学者组成的《激光生物学报》编辑委员会编辑部编辑、激光生物学报杂志社出版的学术性刊物。本刊主要刊登以人类、动物、植物和微生物为实验对象的激光（光）生物学、生物光子学、激光（光）生物医学(含光子中医学、光动力疗法、激光整形美容)、放射生物学(含激光育种、辐射育种、空间育种等)、离子束生物工程及其相关的激光生物技术(含微束照射技术、光镊技术、成像技术、光谱技术、共聚焦扫描显微技术、细胞分流技术等)、仪器研制诸领域基础研究和应用研究方面具有原创性的高水平研究论文、专题综述，适量兼登生物物理学、生物化学、遗传学、医学、农学方面的基础研究论文,是目前国际上唯一的一份激光生物学科的专业性学术刊物。本刊一直被列入国家科技部中国科技论文统计源期刊,并进入中国科技核心期刊、中国核心期刊(遴选)数据库、中国科技论文统计源数据库、中国科学引文数据库、中国期刊全文数据库、中国学术期刊综合评价数据库和万方数据资源系统数字化期刊群；本刊一直被作为源期刊收录的重要检索系统还有：美国《化学文摘》（CA）、俄罗斯《文摘杂志》(AJ)、美国生命科学进展网、中国生物学文摘、中国物理文摘及其数据库、中文生物医学期刊文献数据库、中文科技期刊数据库、中国光学与应用光学文摘等；本刊还是德国国家图书馆的固定收藏刊物。
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  • 发文量：2434
  • 被引量：503
  • H指数：2
  • 开始收录时间：1992,1(1)
  • CNKI综合因子：0.416
  • 维普期刊影响因子： 0.74
  • 万方期刊影响因子：0.6
  • 创刊时间：1992
  • 国内刊号/CN：43-1264/Q
    国际刊号/ISSN：1007-7146
  • 发行周期：双月刊
    邮发代号：42-194
  • 主管单位：中国科学技术协会
    主办单位：中国遗传学会
激光生物学报-联系信息
  • 主编：夏立秋
  • 电话：0731-88872208
  • 邮箱：jgswxb@hunnu.edu.cn
  • 地址：长沙市湖南师范大学生命科学学院内
  • 邮编：410081
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激光生物学报 >2023年第5期

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  • 摘要：CRISPR/Cas9基因打靶技术是近几年发展起来的一种高效率的定向打靶技术,被认为是遗传领域的革命性技术.Titin-Cap基因是本实验室已初步鉴定的斑马鱼心脏发育候选基因,且国内外目前尚无斑马鱼Titin-Cap基因的敲除品系.为了研究Titin-Cap基因在心脏发育过程中的作用机制,我们利用CRISPR/Cas9基因打靶技术建立斑马鱼Titin-Cap基因的敲除品系.测序结果显示,注射了CRISPR/Cas9 gRNA的胚胎出现双峰,说明在打靶位点附近出现了碱基缺失或插入,证明我们设计的gRNA是有效的.对F0代突变体成鱼的筛选中,测序结果同样显示有阳性结果.这些结果说明用CRISPR/Cas9基因打靶技术成功敲除了斑马鱼Titin-Cap基因,获得了Titin-Cap基因敲除的嵌合体斑马鱼.%CRISPR/Cas9 technology,developed rapidly in recent years with a high targeting efficiency,is considered a revolutionary field of genetic technology. Titin-Cap gene is a candidate gene for zebrafish cardiac development,and there is no knockout strain of zebra fish Titin-Cap gene in the world so far. In order to study the mechanism of the Titin-Cap gene in heart development, here the CRISPR/Cas9 gene targeting technique was used to establish the Titin-Cap gene knockout strain in zebrafish. The sequencing results showed that the embryos injected with CRISPR/Cas9 gRNAs had bi-modals, indicating that there was a base deletion or insertion near the target site. The sequencing results demonstrated that the gRNA was effective. In the screened F0 mutants,the sequencing results also showed positive results. All these results indicated that the Titan-Cap gene of the zebrafish was successfully knocked out with the CRISPR/Cas9 gene tar-geting technique, and the zebra fish of the Titin-Cap gene knockout was obtained.
  • 摘要：随着人类平均寿命的延长,恶性肿瘤的发病率日趋增高,严重影响了人们的生存质量,并给患者及其家庭带来巨大的物质和精神损失.因此,不断寻求新型有效的肿瘤治疗方式显得愈加重要.高通量低功率激光照射(high fluence low power laser irradiation,HF-LPLI)可通过促使细胞色素C释放到胞质中诱发肿瘤细胞凋亡,凋亡的肿瘤细胞进一步激活树突状细胞(dendritic cells,DC).DC是目前已知抗原呈递能力最强的细胞,活化后的DC可起始机体特异性免疫应答,使机体产生抗肿瘤免疫效应.本研究的意义在于探究了HF-LPLI在杀伤肿瘤细胞的过程中具有的免疫调节作用.%With the extension of the average life expectancy of human beings, the incidence of malignant tumors is increasing, which seriously affects people' s quality of life and brings great material and mental loss to patients and their families. Therefore, the constant search for new and effective treatment of cancer is even more important. High-through-put low-power laser irradiation can promote the apoptosis of tumor cells by promoting the release of cytochrome C into the cytoplasm. Apoptosis of tumor cells further activates dendritic cells ( DCs) that are the most potent antigen-presenting cells. The activated DCs initiate the adaptive immune response and the anti-tumor immune effect. The significance of this research is to explore the immune modulation effects of HF-LPLI in the process of killing tumor cells.
  • 摘要：近年来,聚苯胺由于其独特的光学吸收特性和导电性质受到很多科学家的青睐.但是,聚苯胺极差的稳定性、不可控的形貌成为其在各个领域应用中的阻碍.因此,本文利用聚苯乙烯磺酸(PSS)作为苯胺聚合的模版,分别采用氯化铁(ferric chloride)、硫代硫酸铵(ammonium thiosulphate)作为氧化剂来制备聚苯胺纳米材料.利用电子显微镜和紫外可见分光光度计对其形貌、光学特性进行了研究.研究发现,氧化剂的使用对其纳米材料的形貌起决定性的作用,氯化铁作氧化剂制备出大小均一、规则的球形纳米粒子;硫代硫酸铵作为氧化剂制备出细长的纳米纤维.所制备的聚苯胺纳米材料具有显著的光热效应,有潜力用于肿瘤的光热治疗.%Recently, polyaniline has been focused increasingly due to its unique optical and conductive property. How-ever, its poor stability and uncontrolled morphology greatly limited its further application. Herein, polystyrene sulfonic acid ( PSS) was used as a template for in situ polymerization of aniline to fabricate stable polyaniline nanomaterials, in which ferric chloride and ammonium thiosulphate were employed as the oxidants, respectively. The self-assembled morphology and the optical property of the resultant aggregates were examined by electron microscopy and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy. The selection of oxidants had great effects on the morphology of polyaniline, and spherical nanoparticles with uniform size and regularity were obtained for ferric chloride, and elongated nanofibers of polyaniline were observed from the oxidation of ammonium thiosulfate. The fabricated polyaniline nanoparticles possessed significant photothermal effect, which is promising in tumor photothermal therapy.
  • 摘要：双光子荧光探针被广泛研究应用于生物医学成像和治疗,深入了解这类探针在生物组织中激发分布特征及其相对于单光子探针的成像优势和劣势对探针的合理选择和应用具有指导意义.然而,由于实际测量难以避开众多干扰因素的影响,因此不能准确反映其固有特征.本文选取典型生物和荧光激发参数,利用生物仿真定量分析,并通过双光子和单光子的激发成像对比,获取了双光子荧光的基本激发特征.结果发现,在相同平圆光束激发下,双光子激发由于激发效率低且需要双光子吸收,再加上较高的激发阈值,虽然激发光在组织穿透深度方面存在优势,但在组织内衰减速率快、有效穿透深度比高量子效率的单光子荧光激发浅.同时,深度方向的快速衰减会导致横向激发光能的非均匀性分布,这种非均匀性对双光子荧光影响更大.仿真分析进一步表明:在生物组织耐受的前提下提高双光子激发的功率更有利于荧光成像;增加光照半径可以减弱横向激发的不均匀性,从而改善双光子荧光成像的效果.本研究结果为双光子荧光激发、成像的应用提供了基础数据参考,本仿真方法也为快速研究光与生物组织的相互作用提供了借鉴.%Two-photon fluorescent probes have been widely studied for biomedical imaging and treatment. Understanding the excitation characteristics of this type of probes in biological tissue and knowing the compared advantages and disadvantages with single-photon probes are useful for the probe selection and application. However, the actual measurement is difficult to reveal their inherent characteristics due to too many interference factors existing. In this study, following the selected typical parameters, imaging of the two types of excitation probes in tissue is simulated. It is found that, during irradiation with same power of the flat light beams, two-photon probes have more rapid intensity attenuation and lower tissue penetration than single probes, due to their low excitation efficiency and high excitation threshold, as well as the two-photon absorption. In addition, the rapid attenuation along the depth can result in unevenness distribution of light. The unevenness affects the fluorescence of two-photon probes more when comparing to single-photon probes. Simulation analysis further indicates that enhancing the two-photon power in biological tissue tolerance range can improve the fluorescence imaging of two-photon probes more;and increasing the irradiation area can weaken the in-homogeneity of lateral excitation for better imaging effect. The results provide the basic data for two-photon fluorescence excitation and imaging. The simulation method also provides a reference for the rapid study of the interaction between light and biological tissue.
  • 摘要：In economic terms, the microbiological safety of food is a serious concern of consumers and the food industry owing to the significant public health and global economic impact of foodborne diseases. Thus, specific and sensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria is required to ensure food safety. In this study, we constructed a novel paper-based nucleic acid diagnostics for viable pathogenic bacteria detection with naked eyes. An effective isothermal amplification method was described to amplify the hlyA mRNA gene of Listeria monocytogenes. The amplification products were applied to the paper-based platform to perform a visual test without pre-hybridization. When the DNA products migrated along the platform by capillary action, the gold-nanoparticles accumulated at the designated area. Under optimized experimental conditions, as little as 100 pg/μL total RNA could be detected. The whole assay process, including ligation, amplification, enzyme digestion, and detection, can be completed within several hours. This method is suitable for point-of-care applications to detect food-borne pathogens. Furthermore, this study highlights the potential of the paper-based nucleic acid diagnostics platform for cost-and labor-effective applications in the detection of pathogenic bacteria.%近年来,食源性致病菌在全球范围内大面积传播,给人类的生存健康与发展带来了巨大的威胁.因此为了保证食品的安全,快速的、高特异性且高灵敏地检测食品致病菌方法已经成为科学研究的热点话题.在本研究中,我们构建了一种基于滚环扩增技术的纸基显色传感器用于可视化检测致病菌的检测平台.通过滚环扩增对单增李斯特菌的hlyA mRNA进行高效特异性扩增,扩增后的单链产物经过Hhal酶进行特异位点酶切后,形成与锁式探针长度相同的片段.将酶切后的单链产物不经过预变性杂交,可直接进行试纸条检测.在优化的实验条件下,可以检测到100 pg/μL总RNA.整个过程实验包括连接,扩增,酶切,检测等反应均可在恒温条件下进行,且可在几个小时内完成.这种方法适用于快速的现场检测,此外,这项研究强调了纸基显色诊断平台的潜在价值和应用前景.
  • 摘要：二维的氧化石墨烯(GO)的细胞毒性低,且有良好的生物相容性,是良好的光热与成像材料,同时还可以作为纳米载体,用来输运化疗药物、基因等.由于氧化石墨烯的片层之间有较强的范德华力,极易团聚,从而影响其在生物医学方面的进一步应用.本文通过二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇-氨基(DSPE-PEG-NH2)功能化修饰氧化石墨烯,改善了石墨烯在水相中的稳定性、低毒性及生物相容性.功能化氧化石墨烯在水相中放置两周以上仍然具有良好的分散性,且对细胞没有明显的毒副作用,有望在生物医学领域发挥巨大作用.%Two-dimensional graphene oxide ( GO) has low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility, which can be employed as good photothermal/imaging agents as well as nanocarriers for the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs/genes. However, there are strong Vander Waals forces among the layer of GO, which can cause deteriorating effects of the ag-glomeration of GO, and is unfavorable for biological applications. In this work, 1, 2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoeth-anolamine-peg-amine ( DSPE-PEG-NH2 ) was employed to decorate GO, affording hybrid GO nanoparticles, DSPE-PEG-GO. The well-dispersed DSPE-PEG-GO was kept stable in aqueous solution for even more than two weeks, and it had no obvious cytotoxicity, which is promising in biomedicine.
  • 摘要：The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary sup-plementation with chinese chives for Hyline Brown breeder roosters on the hatching of breeding eggs in Hyline Brown Layers. Four hundred of 4-weeks-old Hyline Brown breeder roosters were randomly assigned to four groups equally ( n =20 ) . Each treatment was replicated five times. Control group Ⅰwas fed with basal diet and treatment groups were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 1%, 3% and 5% chinese chives ( test Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ) to Hyline Brown breeder roosters. The artificial insemination was done after 16 weeks. The A, B, C and D groups in 24-weeks-old Hyline Brown laying breeders were artificially inseminated by Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ groups of semen of Hyline Brown breeder roosters, one rooster to 20 laying breeders, respectively. Five hundred breeding eggs were randomly selected to incubate after the 4th day of insemination. The results showed that fertility, hatchability, thrifty chick rate and average birth weight were significantly increased by chinese chives sup-plementation at level 1%, 3% and 5% (P<0. 05). In addition, the usage of 5% chives suggested that it would be preferably added to Hyline Brown breeder roosters' diets. It could be concluded from this study that chinese chives can be a promising dietary supplement to increase breeding eggs hatching in the poultry industry.%旨在研究饲料中添加不同比例的韭菜对种蛋孵化的影响.在相同饲养条件下,选取4周龄的海兰褐种公鸡400只,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复20只.Ⅰ组是对照组,喂基础饲料;Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组分别在基础饲料中添加1%、3%、5%的韭菜,饲喂16周,第20周龄结束后,进行人工授精.授精后第4d,每组随机抽取500枚种蛋进行孵化.其中A组为对照组Ⅰ的种蛋,B、C、D组分别是试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组的种蛋.结果显示:饲料中添加适量韭菜可以显著提高种蛋的孵化率、健雏率和平均初生重(P<0.05).本研究说明了饲料中添加韭菜可提高种蛋的孵化率、健雏率和平均初生重,且添加5%韭菜孵化效果最理想.
  • 摘要：The stratum corneum layer of the skin plays critical roles in maintaining the integrity of skin structure and barrier function. Its non-invasive monitoring is therefore very important. In this in vivo study, the mouse ear was used as a model. The acetone-mediated exfoliating process was monitored by time-domain optical coherence tomography ( TD-OCT) . Results demonstrated that OCT imaging could be used to obtain the thickness of the stratum corneum layer and to monitor the exfoliating process. OCT imaging has clinical potentials in studying the structure and function of skin barrier.%皮肤角质(stratum corneum,SC)在维持皮肤结构完整和屏障功能中发挥重要作用,其无损检测很有意义.本文使用鼠耳模型,利用时域光学相干断层成像(TD-OCT)技术对丙酮去角质化的过程进行了检测.结果显示TD-OCT成像方法可测量角质层厚度、对去角质化做定性分析,在皮肤结构和屏障功能的无损检测中有一定临床价值.
  • 摘要：目的:GIP受体激动剂类药物筛选模型的构建.方法:GIP受体激动剂能刺激胰岛素分泌,可作为治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病的潜在药物,因此,GIP受体激动剂的筛选模型十分重要.本研究采用PCR的方法扩增GIPR基因,将扩增产物酶切回收后与表达载体pCMV6-AC-GFP连接,构建pCMV6-AC-GIPR-GFP重组质粒,转化大肠杆菌DH5α经菌落扩增、质粒提取及序列测序重组质粒;利用脂质体lipofectamine2000转染重组质粒到RIN-m5F细胞中,通过抗生素G418筛选,挑单克隆得到稳定的RIN-m5F/GIPR-GFP细胞株.结果:结果表明PCR扩增获得长度为1319 bp的GIPR基因,克隆至pCMV6-AC-GFP真核表达载体,经菌落PCR酶切鉴定及序列分析后,证实质粒pCMV6-AC-GIPR-GFP构建成功;通过荧光显微镜观察到细胞内荧光分布均匀,表明重组质粒成功转到RIN-m5F细胞中.该细胞株经阳性对照(D-Ala2)GIP处理后,与对照组对比,具有荧光斑点聚集.结论:因此,GIP受体激动剂筛选模型RIN-m5 F/GIPR-GFP成功构建,可用于筛选新的GIP受体激动剂,为糖尿病药物开发提供新的筛选模型.%GIP receptor agonists which can stimulate insulin secretion could be potential drugs in the treatment of type II diabetes. Therefore, it is important of the screening model for GIP receptor agonists. In this study, GIPR gene was amplified by PCR, digested by HindIII/XhoI and then connected to the expression vector pCMV6-AC-GFP to construct pCMV6-AC-GIPR-GFP recombinant plasmid. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli DH5α, subsequently confirmed by colony PCR, restriction endonuclease digestion and sequencing. The recombinant plasmid was transfected into RIN-m5F cells by lipofectamine 2000. After screening with G418, the monoclonal RIN-m5F/GIPR-GFP cell line was selected. The results showed that the GIPR gene with a length of 1319 bp was amplified and cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector of pCMV6-AC-GFP. After analysis of colony PCR, enzyme digestion and sequence, the construction of plasmid pCMV6-AC-GIPR-GFP was proved to be successful. Lots of positive puncta were observed in the treatment of GIPR agonist of ( D-Ala2 ) GIP . The results reveal that GIPR-GFP cell line with stable expression was successfully constructed. This cell line can be used to screen agonists of GIPR for exploring potential new medicines for diabetes.
  • 摘要：目的:研究卵巢组织异体移植对去势模型大鼠骨质疏松的治疗作用及其机制.方法:将40只SD雌性大鼠随机分为假手术组、去卵巢模型组,雌激素组和卵巢组织块移植组.采用背部定位切除双侧卵巢,建立去势大鼠模型.造模的同时,将同种异体卵巢组织块植入去卵巢大鼠背部肌肉层以建立卵巢移植模型.雌激素组大鼠按雌激素0.06 mg/kg灌胃进行替代治疗3个月,其他各组均给予等量生理盐水.实验结束后,称量体重和子宫湿重,计算子宫重量指数;HE染色光镜观察大鼠阴道上皮细胞和股骨细胞形态;骨密度仪法检测大鼠全身、股骨和胫骨近端的骨密度;放射免疫法检测血清雌激素(E2)水平.结果:与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠子宫重量指数明显下降(P<0.01);血清雌激素水平显著降低(P<0.01);阴道上皮细胞较小,无角质化;股骨中的骨小梁数目显著减少,骨吸收明显,呈典型的"岛屿状",骨髓腔增大,髓腔中基质细胞极少;双能X线显示,模型大鼠全身、股骨和胫骨的骨密度均显著减少(P均<0.01);与模型组相比,雌激素组和移植组大鼠的子宫重量指数增加明显(P<0.01,P<0.01);两组大鼠的血清雌激素水平上升显著(P<0.01,P<0.01);病理切片显示,雌激素组和移植组大鼠的阴道上皮细胞大多呈角质化;雌激素组大鼠皮质骨增厚,骨小梁粗壮,数量多,排列较整齐,骨小梁间距较小,且骨髓腔缩小,骨基质细胞明显增多;移植组大鼠皮质骨面积较大,骨小梁数量和面积增加明显,骨小梁间距小,排列规则,连接增多,骨基质细胞分布均匀.结论:卵巢组织移植可能是通过与靶肌肉组织产生新生血管连接,不断分泌内源性雌激素,后者通过结合子宫、阴道和股骨组织中靶受体-雌激素受体,进而维持子宫和阴道等靶组织的形态与功能,并抑制骨质组织矿物质的丢失,从而达到改善或促进雌性大鼠内分泌功能的目的.%Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of ovary tissue allotransplantation on the osteoporosis of ovariectomized rat model. Methods:40 female SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:sham operation group, ovariectomized model group, estrogen replacement group and ovary allotransplantation group. The ovariectomized model was built by removing bilateral ovaries from backside. After ovariectomization, allogeneic ovary tissue was implanted to muscular layer of back to build ovary allotransplantation model. The rats of estrogen replacement group were intragastric administrated with 0. 06 mg/kg estrogen for three months, while rats of other groups were intragastric administrated with same volume of normal saline ( NS) . After treatment, the body weight and the wet weight of uterus were weighed to calculate the uterus weight index. Morphology of vaginal epithelial and bone cells stained by HE was observed under light microscope. Moreover, bone mineral density ( BMD) of whole body, proximal femur and proximal tibia were measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry ( DXA) . Serum estradiol ( E2 ) was measured by radioimmunoassay. Results: Compared with sham operation group, the uterus weight index of the model group significantly declined ( P <0. 01). The content of serum estradiol significantly reduced(P<0. 01). Vaginal epithelial cells were small and not ke-ratinized. The number of bone trabecula in the femur markedly decreased. Bone absorption was obvious, which was shown as "islands". Few marrow stromal cells existed in the expanded cavity of bone. Bone mineral density of whole body, femur and tibia of ovariectomized model group reduced significantly(P all <0. 01). However, compared with ovariectomized model group, the uterus weight indexes and serum estradiol of the estrogen replacement and ovary allot-ransplantation group significantly increased(P all<0. 01). Pathological sections showed that vaginal epithelial cells of both groups were keratinized mostly. In the estrogen replacement group, cortical bone thickened. Bone trabecula was strong with regular arrangement, large number and small space. The number of marrow stromal cells increased in the reduced cavity of bone. In the ovary allotransplantation group, the area of cortical bone was expanded. Besides increased numbers, the area of bone trabecula was also enlarged and the space reduced obviously. The connections increased and ordered. Marrow stromal cells were well distributed. Conclusions:Transplanted ovary tissue may connect with muscular tissue via angiogenesis and then secrete endogenous estrogen. Estrogen can bind receptors of uterus, vagina and femur to maintain morphology and function of these target organs and inhibit the loss of bone mineral, leading to improvement of endocrine function of rats.
  • 摘要：RegIIIγ是一种新型的抗菌肽,主要在哺乳动物的肠道和皮肤表达,具有抗菌、抗炎、调节免疫反应和促进细胞增殖等生理功能.为了解猪RegIIIγ在肠道的表达特点,我们通过荧光定量PCR、蛋白质免疫印迹和免疫组化分别确定了猪RegIIIγmRNA和蛋白在仔猪肠道的表达水平以及在肠道表达的细胞类型.结果表明RegIIIγmRNA和蛋白质在十二指肠、空肠和回肠三个部位的表达水平无明显差异;除mRNA水平在断奶后有一个明显下降外,mRNA和蛋白质表达水平呈现随着周龄的增加而升高的趋势.免疫组化分析表明RegIIIγ蛋白主要在肠粘膜吸收性上皮细胞和Paneth细胞内表达.%RegIIIγ, a kind of novel antimicrobial protein with multiple functions, such as antibacterial, anti-inflamma-tion, modulation of immune responses, and stimulation of cell proliferation, is highly expressed in intestine and skin of mammalian. To investigate the expression pattern and cell type, the mRNA and protein expression levels of RegIIIγ in neonatal piglets' intestine from 0-5 weeks were analyzed by real-time PCR and western bolt, and cells expressing RegIIIγ were determined by immunohistochemistry. PCR and western blot analysis showed that there were no significant differences of RegIIIγmRNA and protein among the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, and the mRNA and protein levels exhibit an increase trend with the development except for a decrease of mRNA after weaning. Immunohistochemistry assay revealed that RegIIIγ mainly expressed in absorption enterocytes and Paneth cells.
  • 摘要：辐射诱变处理是进行农作物种质资源创新及新品种选育的有效途径.本文简要介绍了农作物辐射诱变育种工作中常用的诱变因素、诱变处理对象及对诱变后代材料进行鉴定筛选的主要技术方法,总结了农作物辐射诱变的主要育种成就及国内外在辐射诱变机理方面的研究现状,同时对今后诱变育种工作中亟待解决的问题展开了讨论,以期为提高农作物诱变育种的效率提供参考.%Mutation induced by irradiation is an effective method for both creating germplasm resources and developing new varieties of crops. In the current study, we briefly introduced the commonly used irradiations for mutation induction, the object for mutagenic treatment and the technical methods of identification and screening of target mutants in the mutated offsprings. Meanwhile, we summarized the main achievements of mutation breeding in crops and research progresses in mutagenesis mechanism. The imminent problems to be solved in future mutation breeding were also discussed with focusing on the improvement of the efficiency of mutation breeding in crop.
  • 摘要：本文报道了一种一体化光声乳腺成像系统,利用光纤束与柔性探测器相匹配形成一体化光声激发-耦合-探测,因此与传统的光声成像系统相比,该系统具有形态适应性的优势,并可以实现大视场的光声成像.本文通过样品实验和离体乳腺肿瘤成像实验,探究该系统的成像能力,证明该系统具有大规模临床乳腺肿瘤筛查的潜力.%This paper reports an integrated photoacoustic breast imaging system. Matching the optical fiber bundles with flexible transducer, an integrated photoacoustic excitation-coupling-detection system is formed, so compared with the traditional photoacoustic imaging system, the proposed system has the advantages of morphological adaptability, and can realize the photoacoustic imaging with large field of view. The imaging capability of the system has been investigated by sample and breast tumor imaging in vitro experiments, demonstrating the potential of this system for large-scale clinical breast cancer screening.
  • 摘要：In order to investigate the molecular biological mechanism involved in germination of soybean young embryos promoted by high temperature( HT) , both young embryos of soybean cultivar"Nipponbare" treated with HT and without HT were employed to screen the differential expression genes with mRNA differential display reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (DDRT-PCR). In this study, we reported K6, one of the differential expression genes. K6 was regarded as homologue of Lea5 gene ( soybean cultivar Williams 82 ) , because they shared 99% identical nucleotides. Blastp analysis showes that the putative protein of K6 contains LEA type-3 motifs and is assigned to LEA-3 superfamily. Analysis by CLC Protein workbench 5 software also showes that the putative protein has 113 amino acid residues with relative MW 12. 283 kD and pI 10. 12. The putative protein of K6 has no typical secondary structure element. Results of RT-PCR suggested that expression of K6 gene is constitutive. Expression levels of the gene in soybean young embryos developmental process was relatively constant. Moreover, expressions of the gene were also detected in roots, hypocotyls and leaves.%为了解高温处理促进大豆幼胚萌发成苗的分子生物学机制,采用经典的基因表达差异显示技术,分析大豆品种日本晴高温处理的幼胚与对照组材料的差异表达基因.对其中一个差异表达基因K6进行了测序和比对分析,结果表明该基因序列与大豆Williams 82基因组中的Lea5基因相似度高达99%,可以确定为Lea5基因.Blastp比对分析结果表明大豆Lea5蛋白为LEA-3亚家族成员.利用蛋白质分析软件分析了Lea5基因推测的蛋白质结构的特点,结果表明该蛋白质由113个氨基酸组成,相对分子量为12.283 kD,等电点高达10.12.该蛋白质不形成典型的二级结构.RT-PCR分析表明该基因表达具有组成型特点,在大豆幼胚发育过程中稳定表达,在大豆的根、胚轴和叶片等器官中均有表达.
  • 摘要：本文以华中农业大学园艺植物教育部重点实验室细胞生物学实验平台现有的一套由德国徕卡公司生产的新型号TCS-SP8激光共聚焦扫描显微镜机组(文中简称SP8)为例,结合实际操作经验,从机组组成使用、软件的使用、使用中常见问题、用后维护及保养等方面进行了大量总结和探索,希望能够为初次使用仪器者及致力于该领域的科研工作者提供第一手直观详实易懂的操作规程.%In order to provide reference for the researchers and technologies on how to use the Laser scanning confocal microscope efficiently, taking a set of Laser confocal laser scanning microscope (the model is TCS-SP8) which was produced by Leica corporation in Germany as an example, a lot of suggestions and introdutctions about function, principle, structure, use of sofeware, instrumental management, experimental technology and analysis of common problems in use were disserted in this paper.
  • 摘要：CRISPR/Cas9是一种多功能的基因工程技术,除了基因编辑,在基因表达的调控,活细胞DNA/RNA成像等方面也受到了广泛的关注.然而,CRISPR/Cas9系统源自原核生物,要应用到其他生物体内,还需要有运载体的协助.本文结合CRISPR/Cas9技术在多方面的应用,对其运载体进行了综述,为相关领域的工作提供参考.%CRISPR/Cas9 is a versatile gene engineering technology that has been received extensive attention in gene editing, regulation of gene expression and live cell DNA/RNA imaging as well. However, the CRISPR/Cas9 system is derived from prokaryotes, which requires delivery vehicles for application in other organisms. Combined with a variety of applications of CRISPR/Cas9 technology, this paper reviews its delivery vehicles to providing a reference to the work of relevant fields.
  • 摘要：Soluble microneedles ( MNs) has recently become an efficient and minimally invasive tool in transdermal drug delivery because of their excellent biocompatibility and rapid dissolution. However, direct monitoring of the release of drug in vivo is a difficult task. The dissolution of MNs was monitored to estimate the delivery of drug by using optical coherence tomography ( OCT);The performances of two soluble MN arrays made from polyvinyl alcohol ( PVA) and polyvinyl alcohol/polyvinylpyrrolidone ( PVA/PVP ) were determined by calculating the cross-sectional areas of the microchannels in mouse skin as a function of time. Results showed that the dissolution of these MNs could be observed in vivo via OCT in real time and could be quantitatively evaluated using OCT. The OCT images are useful in estimation and comparison of the performance of different MNs. Therefore, OCT is a potential tool in monitoring drug delivery by MNs in vivo.%近几年来,由于可溶性微针更优秀的生物相容性和快速的溶解性,这种给药方式成为了一种更高效,对生物体伤害较小的给药技术.然而,直接的在体监测微针的释药过程仍然比较困难.所以,在这里提出用光学相干层析成像(OCT)的方法来实时监测可溶性微针的在体溶解过程并由此评估药物的释放;以聚乙烯醇(PVA)和聚乙烯醇/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合物(PVA/PVP)为基质,制作了两种不同的可溶性微针,并通过计算微针作用于鼠耳后微通道横截面面积随时间的变化来比较两种微针的溶解性能.结果表明,可以通过OCT技术实时地监测微针的在体溶解过程并进行数量上的评估.并且,OCT图像也可以评估和比较不同材料的可溶性微针的性能.因此,OCT在实时监测可溶性微针在体给药过程方面有很大的潜力.
  • 摘要：白癜风是一种常见的后天色素脱失性皮肤黏膜疾病.虽然传统治疗方法很多,但是大多数疗法疗效欠佳,且有一定副作用,因而,白癜风的治疗成为一个临床治疗难题.近年来,308 nm准分子激光,一种治疗白癜风的新型激光治疗手段,以其显效快速、治疗次数少、累计剂量低、不累及正常皮肤、副作用少、缓解期相对长等特点在临床上得到广泛应用且被多数患者所接受.本文就308 nm准分子激光治疗白癜风的作用机制、临床应用优势、临床疗效、不良反应、影响因素及联合治疗疗效简单作一综述,并分析影响疗效的相关因素:病人年龄、病程、皮肤类型、皮损部位、大小及治疗次数等,以供临床治疗参考.
  • 摘要：植物凝集素类受体激酶(LecRLK)在植物防御、应答多种生物与非生物胁迫、参与激素调控和生长发育中具有重要的作用.但是该家族大部分成员的功能尚不明了.本文对LecRLK家族中的9个成员进行了生物信息学和相关分子遗传学的初步研究.启动子元件分析结果表明,9个成员均具有多个光和逆境响应元件,暗示其可能参与光信号以及非生物胁迫信号途径的调控.基因芯片及实时定量PCR结果显示,9个LecRLK基因具有明显的时空表达特异性,说明其可能在植物不同生长发育阶段及组织部位发挥着重要调控作用.利用三引物法对9个基因的突变体进行了筛选,最终得到14个纯合缺失突变体材料.上述结果为后续深入开展这些基因的生理功能研究提供参考数据.
  • 摘要：提出将基于Stokes参量的偏振共焦显微成像技术应用于弱各向异性物质的成像研究.通过将分振幅Stokes参量测量法与共焦扫描成像技术相结合的方法,得到了基于Stokes参量测量的偏振共焦显微成像系统.利用该系统对具有弱各向异性的生物组织样品进行逐点测量,通过四个通道同时测量获得全部的Stokes参量.再以计算得到的偏振参量作为成像物理量进行图像重建,获得对应Stokes参量、偏振度、相位差、方位角和椭率角的空间分布图像,从而对生物组织实现细胞水平的偏振显微成像研究.实验结果表明:基于Stokes参量的偏振共焦显微成像技术能够获得弱各向异性的生物组织样品的显微图像,并通过比较样品的Stokes参量及相关偏振参量的分布图像,提取样品全部的偏振信息,从而为生物组织的特性研究提供更丰富的信息.
  • 摘要：目的:研究海南汉族人群MICB等位基因的多态性与肺癌易感性之间的关联性.方法:采用PCR-SSP(PCR sequence-specific primers)和PCR-SBT(PCR sequence-based typing)方法对样本MICB等位基因的多态性进行检测.结果:肺癌患者中检出14种MICB等位基因;和对照组相比较,MICB*00502等位基因在肺癌患者组分布频率较少(43.5％ vs 57.8％),MICB * 016等位基因在肺癌患者组分布较多(5.9％vs 0.6％);MICB* 016等位基因可能对肺癌易感(OR=11.19,95％ CI:2.59-48.24,Pc ＜0.05);MICB* 00502等位基因可能对肺癌不易感(MICB* 00502:OR=0.56,95％ CI:0.42-0.76,Pc ＜0.05).结论:MICB等位基因的多态性与肺癌的易感性之间存在关联性.
  • 摘要：为了通过研究不同长相穗型小麦穗部特性,以达到提高产量和挖掘穗部潜力的目的.本文对长方型、棍棒型、椭圆型和纺锤型四种不同长相穗型小麦品种的穗部性状特性进行了分析.结果表明不同穗型小麦在小花数、穗粒数、粒重等方面均表现出先升后降的二次曲线趋势,但不同穗型小麦表现趋势不同,长方型和椭圆型小麦在穗粒数、穗重、各粒位粒重等方面均优于棍棒型和纺锤型小麦,棍棒型小麦由于其特殊的穗型结构,在小穗密度、粒重等方面表现独特,纺锤型小麦在各方面表现均较差.结果表明,在小麦生产用种和品种选育上,穗型的选择至关重要.长方型小麦有提高小麦产量的潜力.
  • 摘要：目的:研究正常胃粘膜和胃癌组织在拉曼光谱指纹区(800-1 800 cm-1)和高波数区(2 800-3 000 cm-1)的光谱特征,并将其联合使用建立胃癌诊断模型.方法:收集38例正常胃粘膜和37例胃癌组织活检标本,采用785 nm激发光拉曼光谱仪进行拉曼光谱采集.比较正常胃粘膜和胃癌组织在指纹区和高波数区的拉曼光谱异同,使用偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)结合留一法交叉验证建立诊断模型.结果:1)胃癌组织在853 cm-1,879cm-1,1 003 cm-1,1 047 cm-1,1 173 cm-1,l 304 cm-1,1 319 cm-1,l 338 cm-1,1 374 cm-1、2 932 cm-1谱峰处与正常胃粘膜的拉曼峰强度差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)2)将拉曼光谱指纹区和高波数区联合,利用PLS-DA建立胃癌诊断模型的敏感性为94.59％(35/37),特异性为86.84(33/38),正确率为90.6％(68/75).结论:正常胃粘膜和胃癌组织在拉曼光谱指纹区和高波数区均有显著差异,将上述两区联合使用建立模型诊断胃癌能取得良好的诊断效果.
  • 摘要：针对目前光声内窥成像中常用的基于压电陶瓷的中空聚焦超声换能器制作工艺复杂、定制费用高的问题,本文利用PVDF压电薄膜声阻抗低、频响宽、易于加工等优点,以及环氧树脂介于PVDF和生物组织的声阻抗特性,制作了一款基于110 μm PVDF压电薄膜的中空声透镜聚焦超声换能器.声场测试实验表明,该换能器纵向分辨率为0.22 mm,焦点处横向分辨率约为0.65 mm,和理论设计值相符.随后又利用多模光纤和宽带介质膜反射镜,通过仿体实验对其内窥成像效果进行了初步验证.相比于基于压电陶瓷的聚焦超声换能器,本方案极大的降低了内窥光声成像中所需的中空聚焦超声换能器的设计和制作成本,方便了实验室条件下内窥光声系统的开发.
  • 摘要：通过microRNA芯片技术在小鼠GC-1 spg细胞中筛选发现microRNA-199a-3p(miR-199a-3p)受转化生长因子TGF-β1调节.为了进一步探讨二者的关系,通过基因克隆与载体构建技术、双荧光素酶报告基因检测及定量PCR实验,发现miR-199a-3p靶向识别肿瘤转移抑制基因2(Nme2)的3'非编码区(UTR)序列,且正向调控Nme2的表达.利用TGF-β1处理GC-1 spg细胞后,结果显示Nme2和miR-199a-3p在mRNA水平的表达均显著上调;进一步将miR-199a-3p和TGF-β1双重作用于GC-1 spg细胞后,结果表明Nme2的表达会明显增强,而且在TGF-β1通路中,miR-199a-3p被抑制的部分功能可能会被Nme2补偿.综上,miR-199a-3p对Nme2基因具有直接靶向识别和调控作用,且在参与TGF-β1信号通路的生物学效应中,二者在功能上相互关联.
  • 摘要：为了探索ERIC-PCR技术在苏云金芽胞杆菌和蜡状芽胞杆菌的鉴定及分型中的应用价值,本研究采用PCR方法初步检测苏云金芽胞杆菌杀虫晶体蛋白基因的组成,并对苏云金芽胞杆菌和蜡状芽胞杆菌的总DNA进行ERIC-PCR扩增,分析ERIC-PCR指纹图谱的特点并采用NTSYS2.10软件对其进行聚类.结果显示,各菌株的ERIC指纹图谱表现出不同程度的多态性,但图谱与菌株所含cry基因的类型存在一定的相关性.聚类分析结果显示,含有相同或相近cry基因类型的Bt菌株在进化树上趋向聚为一类,而不含cry基因的蜡状芽胞杆菌趋向于与不含cry基因的Bt菌株聚为一类或单独聚类.若在多种模式菌株的参考下,该方法可用于苏云金芽胞杆菌的初步鉴定和分型.
  • 摘要：基于一种新型、高效近红外表面增强拉曼散射(NIR-SERS)基底,检测了20例健康人和16例结直肠癌患者氧合血红蛋白NIR-SERS光谱.对比发现,结直肠癌患者和健康人氧合血红蛋白NIR-SERS光谱之间存在明显差异.通过谱峰归属分析,发现结直肠癌患者氧合血红蛋白中吡咯环和乙烯基团的振动模式、数量和构象发生了一定的变化,尤其是吡咯环的对称呼吸振动和乙烯集团的反对称伸缩振动模式的数量比健康人要少很多,这些变化很可能是结直肠癌患者组织出现变异以及体内杂乱的新陈代谢引起.利用统计分析方法诊断结直肠癌的特异性与灵敏度分别为85.0％和93.8％,为验证利用统计方法的可靠性,使用受试样品的工作特征曲线方法进行评价.研究表明NIR-SERS光谱技术结合统计分析方法有望发展成为一种新型的结直肠癌临床诊断工具.
  • 摘要：衣藻与扁藻是生产生物柴油的优势藻种,监测其生长和生理状况是利用它们生产生物柴油的关键环节.本研究通过叶绿素荧光对这两种微藻的细胞密度进行监测并利用多激发波长调制叶绿素荧光仪(Multi-Color-PAM)检测其在不同生长条件下的生理状况,获得本研究中两种藻的适宜的培养温度/光照强度:衣藻为28℃/80 μmol/m2·s-1,扁藻为28 ℃/100μmol/m2 ·s-1,利用叶绿素荧光可以便捷准确的监测微藻的生长及生理状态,为微藻培养及其代谢产物积累的研究提供切实可行的无损伤的检测方法.
  • 摘要：讨论了基于LED和荧光灯光源以及有无紫外线光谱的动态光照明的分类和应用.介绍了基于荧光灯的动态光照明历史.并讨论了发光二极管技术应用于动态光照明的原因.综述了动态光照影响人体皮质醇,褪黑素,警觉性,体温和情绪的作用机理.并介绍紫外线照射的安全标准.提出了一种理想的动态光照明,此种动态光考虑显色指数,色温,光照度,光谱结构和动态变化.
  • 摘要：B细胞表位研究有助于肽段疫苗研制,抗体研制以及疾病诊断和治疗研究.不同的B细胞表位诱导免疫系统产生不同的抗体种型,探索研究能够诱导特异性抗体产生的B细胞表位具有重要意义.基于二肽组成特征,利用深度最大输出网络算法训练构建三个二类分类器,分别对应诱导三种不同特异性抗体的B细胞表位,即IgA表位,IgE表位以及IgG表位.通过五折交叉验证训练和测试这三个分类器,获得AUC的值分别为0.78,0.93以及0.78.IgA表位和IgE表位分类器的预测能力优于其它IgA表位和IgE表位分类器,IgG表位分类器和其它IgG表位分类器的预测能力相当.

    激光生物学报的期刊信息

    • 曾用名：激光生物学
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