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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >FONOFOS POISONS RAPTORS AND WATERFOWL SEVERAL MONTHS AFTER GRANULAR APPLICATION
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FONOFOS POISONS RAPTORS AND WATERFOWL SEVERAL MONTHS AFTER GRANULAR APPLICATION

机译：颗粒状应用后数月的FONOFOS毒刺和水禽

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摘要

From 1994 to 1999 in the Lower Fraser Valley region of southwest Canada, fonofos (Dyfonate G) was recommended for control of introduced wireworm (Agriotes spp.) pests on potato and other root crops. As part of a wildlife-monitoring program, we collected 15 raptors, including 12 bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), found dead or debilitated on or near agricultural lands with severely inhibited brain and/or plasma cholinesterase activity and fonofos residues in ingesta. Bird remains, in nine cases waterfowl, were identified in the ingesta samples. Another seven bald eagles had severe cholinesterase inhibition, but without evidence of fonofos residues. During two winters from 1996 to 1998, 420 ha of potato fields, half of which had been treated the previous spring with fonofos and the remainder untreated, were searched weekly for evidence of wildlife mortality. Search efficiency was assessed with placed duck carcasses. Waterfowl outnumbered other species in field-use counts and comprised the greatest proportion of birds found dead. We found 211 wildlife remains, most scavenged; 35 intact carcasses were suitable for postmortem examination and/or toxicology analyses. Cholinesterase activity was assayed in brains of 18 waterfowl, five of which had severely depressed activity (average inhibition 74%; range, 69-78%). The gastrointestinal tract of a mallard found in a field treated with granular product contained 49 μg/g fonofos residues, linking waterfowl mortality with labelled use of the product. These findings demonstrate the risk of both primary and secondary poisoning by anticholinesterase insecticides where wildlife make intensive use of farmed fields.
机译：从1994年到1999年，在加拿大西南部的下弗雷泽河谷地区，建议使用fonofos（Dyfonate G）防治马铃薯和其他块根作物上引入的线虫（Agriotes spp。）害虫。作为野生生物监测计划的一部分，我们收集了15只猛禽，其中包括12只秃头鹰（Haliaeetus leucocephalus），它们在农田上或附近被发现死亡或使人衰弱，严重抑制了脑和/或血浆胆碱酯酶的活性，并吞噬了食入物中的fonofos残留物。在摄取样品中鉴定出鸟类残留物，其中九例为水禽。另有七只秃鹰具有严重的胆碱酯酶抑制作用，但没有任何fonofos残留的证据。在1996年至1998年的两个冬季中，每周对420公顷的马铃薯田进行搜索，以寻找野生动植物死亡的证据，其中一半在前一个春季用fonofos处理过，其余未处理过。用放置的鸭尸体评估搜索效率。水禽在田间使用数量上超过其他物种，占发现死亡鸟类的最大比例。我们发现了211处野生动植物残骸，其中大部分被清除。 35个完整的屠体适合进行尸检和/或毒理学分析。在18只水禽的大脑中测定了胆碱酯酶的活性，其中五只具有严重的抑制活性（平均抑制74％；范围69-78％）。在用粒状产品处理过的田野中发现的野鸭胃肠道含有49μg/ g的fonofos残留，将水禽死亡率与该产品的标记使用联系起来。这些发现表明，在野生动植物大量利用耕地的情况下，抗胆碱酯酶杀虫剂既有中毒的危险，也有继发性的。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental toxicology and chemistry》 |2008年第2期|452-460|共9页
  • 作者

    John E. Elliott; Anna L. Birmingham; Laurie K. Wilson; Malcolm McAdie; Suzanne Trudeau; Pierre Mineau;

  • 作者单位

    Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, Pacific Wildlife Research Centre, 5421 Robertson Road, RR#1,Delta, British Columbia V4K 3N2;

    Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Pacific Wildlife Research Centre, 5421 Robertson Rd, RR#1,Delta, British Columbia V4K 3N2;

    Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Pacific Wildlife Research Centre, 5421 Robertson Rd, RR#1,Delta, British Columbia V4K 3N2;

    British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Nanaimo, British Columbia V9T 6J9, Canada;

    Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3;

    Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    pesticide poisoning; fonofos; raptor; waterfowl; anticholinesterase;

    机译：农药中毒fonofos;猛禽水禽抗胆碱酯酶;

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