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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >AVOIDANCE TESTS WITH SMALL FISH: DETERMINATION OF THE MEDIAN AVOIDANCE CONCENTRATION AND OF THE LOWEST-OBSERVED-EFFECT GRADIENT
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AVOIDANCE TESTS WITH SMALL FISH: DETERMINATION OF THE MEDIAN AVOIDANCE CONCENTRATION AND OF THE LOWEST-OBSERVED-EFFECT GRADIENT

机译：小鱼的回避测试：中度回避浓度和最低观察到的有效梯度的测定

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摘要

The purpose of the present study was to develop sensitive, rapid, and easily quantified avoidance tests for small fish (Danio rerio) in order to provide important ecological information during toxicity assessments. Fish were exposed in three replicate linear flow-through chambers consisting of five compartments. The test system was found to provide a linear contamination gradient, with mean dilutions in each compartment of 90, 70, 50, 30, and 10%. Also, in the absence of a toxic gradient, the fish were uniformly distributed along the five-compartment chambers. Then the apparatus was evaluated by exposing fish to a concentration gradient of copper and a dilution gradient of a field sample contaminated with acid mine drainage (AMD). Avoidance was monitored at 24-h intervals up to 96 h of exposure. The avoidance of copper and AMD by D. rerio was confirmed. The apparatus enabled quantification of median avoidance effect concentrations or dilutions (EC50 or EDil50) and also lowest-observed-effect gradients, which express the minimum toxicant gradient eliciting avoidance, a parameter increasing the ecological relevance of the laboratory avoidance responses. For quantifying avoidance, a 24-h exposure was sufficient, as the 24- to 96-h EC50 and EDil50 values were similar. The avoidance response was easy and rapid to quantify, leading this test to routine use in environmental risk assessment.
机译：本研究的目的是针对小鱼（达尼奥雷尼奥）开发灵敏，快速且易于量化的回避测试，以便在毒性评估期间提供重要的生态信息。将鱼暴露在由五个隔室组成的三个重复的线性流通室中。发现该测试系统提供了线性污染梯度，每个隔室中的平均稀释度为90％，70％，50％，30％和10％。同样，在没有毒性梯度的情况下，鱼沿五室均匀分布。然后，通过将鱼暴露于铜的浓度梯度和被酸性矿井排水（AMD）污染的田间样品的稀释梯度中来评估设备。监控暴露情况长达24小时，直至暴露96小时。证实了D. rerio避免了铜和AMD。该设备能够量化中位数避免效应浓度或稀释度（EC50或EDil50）以及最低观察到的效应梯度，这些梯度表示引起避免的最小毒物梯度，该参数增加了实验室避免反应的生态相关性。对于量化避免，24小时暴露就足够了，因为24至96小时EC50和EDil50值相似。回避反应易于量化，因此很容易将其用于环境风险评估。

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