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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF MERCURY TO EARLY LIFE STAGES OF THE RAINBOW MUSSEL, VILLOSA IRIS (BIVALVIA: UNIONIDAE)
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ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF MERCURY TO EARLY LIFE STAGES OF THE RAINBOW MUSSEL, VILLOSA IRIS (BIVALVIA: UNIONIDAE)

机译：汞对虹膜贻贝的早期生命阶段的急性和慢性毒性（双壳类：UNI科）

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Mercury (Hg) contamination is receiving increased attention globally because of human health and environmental concerns. Few laboratory studies have examined the toxicity of Hg on early life stages of freshwater mussels, despite evidence that glochidia and juvenile life stages are more sensitive to contaminants than adults. Three bioassays (72-h acute glochidia, 96-h acute juvenile, and 21-d chronic juvenile toxicity tests) were conducted by exposing Villosa iris to mercuric chloride salt (HgCl_2). Glochidia were more sensitive to acute exposure than were juvenile mussels, as 24-, 48-, and 72-h median lethal concentration values (LC50) for glochidia were >107, 39, and 14 μg Hg/L, respectively. The 24-, 48-, 72-, and 96-h values for juveniles were 162, 135, 114, and 99 μg Hg/L, respectively. In the chronic test, juveniles exposed to Hg treatments ≥8 μg/L grew significantly less than did control organisms. The substantial difference in juvenile test endpoints emphasizes the importance of assessing chronic exposure and sublethal effects. Overall, our study supports the use of glochidia as a surrogate life stage for juveniles in acute toxicity tests. However, as glochidia may be used only in short-term tests, it is imperative that an integrated approach be taken when assessing risk to freshwater mussels, as their unique life history is atypical of standard test organisms. Therefore, we strongly advocate the use of both glochidia and juvenile life stages for risk assessment.
机译：由于人类健康和环境问题，汞（Hg）污染在全球受到越来越多的关注。很少有实验室研究检查过汞对淡水贻贝生命早期的毒性，尽管有证据表明，甲壳纲和幼年生命阶段对污染物的敏感性高于成年人。通过将Villosa虹膜暴露于氯化汞盐（HgCl_2）进行了三种生物测定（72小时急性球囊炎，96小时急性少年和21天慢性少年毒性试验）。 Glochidia对急性暴露的敏感性比少年贻贝高，因为24-chi，48h和72h的glochidia致死浓度中值（LC50）分别> 107、39和14μgHg / L。少年的24、48、72和96小时值分别为162、135、114和99μgHg / L。在慢性试验中，暴露于汞处理≥8μg/ L的幼虫的生长明显低于对照生物。青少年试验终点之间的实质性差异强调了评估慢性暴露和亚致死作用的重要性。总的来说，我们的研究支持在急性毒性试验中，使用球菌作为青少年的替代生命阶段。但是，由于甲壳纲仅可用于短期测试，因此当评估淡水贻贝的风险时，必须采取综合方法，因为它们的独特生命史是标准测试生物的典型特征。因此，我们强烈建议同时使用瞳孔发育期和青少年生命阶段进行风险评估。

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