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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >EFFECT OF SOIL PROPERTIES AND AGING ON THE TOXICITY OF COPPER FOR ENCHYTRAEUS ALBIDUS, ENCHYTRAEUS LUXURIOSUS, AND FOLSOMIA CANDIDA
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EFFECT OF SOIL PROPERTIES AND AGING ON THE TOXICITY OF COPPER FOR ENCHYTRAEUS ALBIDUS, ENCHYTRAEUS LUXURIOSUS, AND FOLSOMIA CANDIDA

机译：土壤特性和老化对铜对肠球菌，肠球菌和念珠菌毒性​​的影响

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摘要

In the present study, the effect of the heavy-metal salt copper chloride (CuCl_2·2H_2O) in soils freshly spiked (3 d) and aged (70 ± 10 d; mean ± SD) was studied in the test species Enchytraeus albidus, E. luxuriosus, and Folsomia Candida. Up to nine soils were used: Besides the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) artificial soil and the Agricultural Testing and Research Agency (Landwirtschaftliche Untersuchungs- und Forschungsanstalt, Speyer, Germany) 2.2 natural standard soils, the others were selected based on the EURO Soil approach, taking into account the effect of different soil parameters (pH, organic matter, grain size distribution, and carbon to nitrogen ratio). Additionally, the effect of the chloride ions was studied separately. The results revealed the following: First, a soil effect was observed; for example, in F. Candida, median effective concentrations (EC50s) varied between 262 mg/kg in a sample from the same site as the original EURO Soil 5 soil and greater than 1,000 mg/kg in OECD soil. Second, an aging effect was observed, mainly in F. Candida. For example, toxicity of offspring survival was increased twofold in the OECD soil and approximately eightfold with aging in the EURO Soil 7 soil, whereas the enchytraeid species did not react differently after aging. Third, an effect of chloride ions on reproduction of the animals was found; however, this effect was independent of the aging period. Fourth, species variation was seen in terms of sensitivity (EC50), decreasing in the following order: E. luxuriosus > E. albidus F. Candida. Differences in toxicity of offspring survival between enchytraeids and F. Candida might be explained by the different routes of uptake.
机译：在本研究中，在试验种Enchytraeus albidus，E中研究了重金属盐氯化铜（CuCl_2·2H_2O）在新鲜加标（3 d）和陈化（70±10 d;平均±SD）的土壤中的作用。 luxuriosus和Folsomia Candida。最多使用了9种土壤：除了经济合作与发展组织（OECD）的人工土壤和农业测试与研究局（Landwirtschaftliche Untersuchungs- und Forschungsanstalt，德国施派尔，德国）2.2天然标准土壤外，还选择了其他几种土壤在EURO土壤方法中，考虑了不同土壤参数（pH，有机物，粒度分布和碳氮比）的影响。另外，分别研究了氯离子的作用。结果表明：首先，观察到土壤的影响。例如，在念珠菌F.中，有效浓度（EC50）在与原始EURO土壤5相同的同一地点的样品中，浓度的变化为262 mg / kg，而在OECD土壤中，浓度的变化大于1,000 mg / kg。第二，观察到衰老效应，主要在念珠菌中。例如，在OECD土壤中，后代的生存毒性增加了两倍，而在EURO土壤7土壤中，其衰老的毒性大约增加了八倍，而在变老后，肠线虫的反应没有不同。第三，发现氯离子对动物繁殖的影响。但是，这种效果与老化时间无关。第四，从敏感性（EC50）的角度来看，物种变异以下列顺序降低：luxuriosus> albidus F. Candida。肠球菌和念珠菌之间后代存活毒性的差异可能是通过不同的摄取途径来解释的。

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