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Mean Species Abundance as a Measure of Ecotoxicological Risk

机译：平均种类丰富作为生态毒理学风险的衡量标准

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Chemical pollution of surface waters is considered an important driver for recent declines in biodiversity. Species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) are commonly used to evaluate the ecological risks of chemical exposure, accounting for variation in interspecies sensitivity. However, SSDs do not reflect the effects of chemical exposure on species abundance, considered an important endpoint in biological conservation. Although complex population modeling approaches lack practical applicability when it comes to the routine practice of lower tier chemical risk assessment, in the present study we show how information from widely available laboratory toxicity tests can be used to derive the change in mean species abundance (MSA) as a function of chemical exposure. These exposure-response MSA relationships combine insights into intraspecies exposure-response relationships and population growth theory. We showcase the practical applicability of our method for cadmium, copper, and zinc, and include a quantification of the associated statistical uncertainty. For all 3 metals, we found that concentrations hazardous for 5% of the species (HC(5)s) based on MSA relationships are systematically higher than SSD-based HC(5)values. Our proposed framework can be useful to derive abundance-based ecological protective criteria for chemical exposure, and creates the opportunity to assess abundance impacts of chemical exposure in the context of various other anthropogenic stressors.Environ Toxicol Chem2020;00:1-10. (c) 2020 The Authors.Environmental Toxicology and Chemistrypublished by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
机译：表面水的化学污染被认为是最近生物多样性下降的重要驾驶员。物种敏感性分布（SSD）通常用于评估化学曝光的生态风险，占间隙敏感性的变化。然而，SSD不反映化学暴露对物种丰富的影响，认为是生物保护中的重要终点。虽然复杂的人口建模方法缺乏实际适用性，但在较低层化学风险评估的常规实践中，在本研究中，我们展示了广泛应用的实验室毒性测试的信息如何用于导出平均物种丰度（MSA）的变化作为化学照射的功能。这些曝光 - 响应MSA关系结合了内部曝光抗响应关系和人口增长理论。我们展示了我们对镉，铜和锌的方法的实际适用性，并包括与相关统计不确定性的量化。对于所有3个金属，我们发现，基于MSA关系的5％的物种（HC（5）S）危险的浓度系统地高于基于SSD的HC（5）值。我们所提出的框架可用于导出基于丰富的生态保护标准进行化学照射，并创建了评估化学暴露在各种其他人类应激源的背景下的丰富影响的机会.Environ毒素Chem2020202020; 00：1-10。 （c）2020作者。由于Wiley期刊LLC代表Setac的环境和化学毒理学和化学毒理学。

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