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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >Early Toxic Effects in a Central American Native Fish (Parachromis dovii) Exposed to Chlorpyrifos and Difenoconazole
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Early Toxic Effects in a Central American Native Fish (Parachromis dovii) Exposed to Chlorpyrifos and Difenoconazole

机译：暴露于氯吡啶和苯甲基唑的中美洲本土鱼（Garachromis Dovii）的早期有毒作用

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In Costa Rica, agriculture is one of the most important economic activities. Chlorpyrifos and difenoconazole have been identified as agrochemicals widely used in banana and pineapple crops in the Caribbean area of the country and are constantly recorded in aquatic ecosystems. The toxicity of these pesticides in Parachromis dovii was studied. Median lethal concentrations (LC50s) for each substance were obtained from 96-h acute tests. Then, fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of both substances (10% of LC50), individually and in mixture, to evaluate biomarker responses. Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), catalase, and glutathione S-transferase activities as well as lipid peroxidation were measured in liver and gill tissues as markers of biotransformation and oxidative stress processes. Cholinesterase activity in brain and muscle tissue was also quantified as a biomarker of toxicity. The LC50s were 55.34 mu g/L (95% confidence interval [CI] 51.06-59.98) for chlorpyrifos and 3250 mu g/L (95% CI 2770-3810) for difenoconazole. Regarding the biomarkers, a significant inhibition of brain and muscle cholinesterase activity was recorded in fish exposed to 5.50 mu g/L of chlorpyrifos. This activity was not affected when fish were exposed to the mixture of chlorpyrifos with difenoconazole. Significant changes in lactate dehydrogenase activity were observed in fish exposed to 325 mu g/L of difenoconazole, whereas fish exposed to the mixture showed a significant increase in EROD activity in the liver. These results suggest harmful effects of chlorpyrifos insecticide at environmentally relevant concentrations. There is also evidence for an interaction of the 2 substances that affects the biotransformation metabolism at sublethal levels of exposure. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;00:1-10. (c) 2021 SETAC
机译：在哥斯达黎加，农业是最重要的经济活动之一。已经鉴定为在该国加勒比地区的香蕉和菠萝作物中被鉴定为广泛应用的农用化学品，并且在水生生态系统中不断记录。研究了这些杀虫剂在Garachromis Dovii的毒性。每种物质的中值致命浓度（LC50s）是从96-H急性试验中获得的。然后，将鱼暴露于两种物质（LC50的10％），单独和混合的亚致偶乙醚浓度，以评估生物标记反应。在肝脏和鳃组织中测量乙氧基苯磺酸乙烯-O-脱甲酶（EROD），过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性以及血清组织作为生物转化和氧化应激过程的标志物。脑和肌肉组织中的胆碱酯酶活性也被定量为毒性的生物标志物。 LC50s为氯吡啶吡脲和3250μmg/ L（95％CI 2770-3810）的55.34μg/ L（95％置信区间[CI] 51.06-59.98）用于苯二核苷酸。关于生物标志物，在暴露于5.50μg/ l的紫外线的鱼中记录了对脑和肌肉胆碱酯酶活性的显着抑制。当鱼暴露于含有苯甲酸唑吡啶的混合物时，这种活动不受影响。在暴露于325μmg/ L的苯甲烷的鱼中观察到乳酸脱氢酶活性的显着变化，而暴露于混合物的鱼显示肝脏中的侵蚀活性显着增加。这些结果表明紫外杀虫剂在环保浓度下的有害影响。还有以下两种物质的相互作用，这些物质影响在止血水平的暴露水平下影响生物转化性代谢。环境毒素化学2021; 00：1-10。 （c）2021 Setac

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