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Warming and pCO_2 effects on Florida stone crab larvae

机译：变暖和pCO_2对佛罗里达石蟹幼虫的影响

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Greenhouse gas emissions are increasing ocean temperatures and the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO(2)), resulting in more acidic waters. It is presently unknown how elevated temperature and pCO(2) will influence the early life history stages of the majority of marine coastal species. We investigated the combined effect of elevated temperature (30 degrees C control and 32 degrees C treatment) and elevated pCO(2) (450 rho atm control and 1100 mu atm treatment) on the (i) growth, (ii) survival, (iii) condition, and (iv) morphology of larvae of the commercially important Florida stone crab, Menippe mercenaria. At elevated temperature, larvae exhibited a significantly shorter molt stage, and elevated pCO2 caused stage-V larvae to delay metamorphosis to post-larvae, On average, elevated pCO(2) resulted in a 37% decrease in survivorship relative to the control; however the effect of elevated temperature reduced larval survivorship by 71%. Exposure to both elevated temperature and pCO(2) reduced larval survivorship by 80% relative to the control. Despite this, no significant differences were detected in the condition or morphology of stone crab larvae when subjected to elevated temperature and pCO(2) treatments. Although elevated pCO(2) could result in a reduction in larval supply, future increases in seawater temperatures are even more likely to threaten the future sustainability of the stone-crab fishery. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：温室气体排放正在升高海洋温度和CO2分压（pCO（2）），从而导致酸性水量增加。目前尚不清楚升高的温度和pCO（2）将如何影响大多数海洋沿海物种的早期生命历史阶段。我们研究了温度升高（30摄氏度控制和32摄氏度处理）和pCO（2）升高（450 rho atm控制和1100 mu atm处理）对（i）生长，（ii）生存，（iii ）条件，以及（iv）商业上重要的佛罗里达石蟹Menippe mercenaria的幼虫形态。在升高的温度下，幼虫的蜕皮期显着缩短，pCO2升高导致V期幼虫延迟变态到幼虫后。平均而言，相对于对照，pCO（2）升高导致存活率降低了37％。然而，高温的影响使幼虫的存活率降低了71％。暴露于升高的温度和pCO（2）可使幼虫存活率相对于对照降低80％。尽管如此，在高温和pCO（2）处理下，蟹蟹幼虫的状况或形态没有发现显着差异。尽管升高的pCO（2）可能导致幼体供应减少，但未来海水温度的升高甚至可能威胁石蟹渔业的未来可持续性。 （C）2018 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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