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Relative dispersion of clustered drifters in a small micro-tidal estuary

机译：小潮汐河口中簇状流星的相对分散

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Small tide-dominated estuaries are affected by large scale flow structures which combine with the underlying bed generated smaller scale turbulence to significantly increase the magnitude of horizontal diffusivity. Field estimates of horizontal diffusivity and its associated scales are however rare due to limitations in instrumentation. Data from multiple deployments of low and high resolution clusters of GPS-drifters are used to examine the dynamics of a surface flow in a small micro-tidal estuary through relative dispersion analyses. During the field study, cluster diffusivity, which combines both large- and small-scale processes ranged between, 0.01 and 3.01 m(2)/s for spreading clusters and, -0.06 and -4.2 m(2)/s for contracting clusters. Pair-particle dispersion, Dp(2), was scale dependent and grew as D-p(2) similar to t(1.83) in streamwise and D-p(2) similar to t(0.8) in cross-stream directions. At small separation scale, pair-particle (d < 0.5 m) relative diffusivity followed the Richardson's 4/3 power law and became weaker as separation scale increases. Pair-particle diffusivity was described as K-p similar to d(1.01) in the streamwise and cross stream directions, respectively for separation scales ranging from 0.1 to 10 m. Two methods were used to identify the mechanism responsible for dispersion within the channel. The results clearly revealed the importance of strain fields (stretching and shearing) in the spreading of particles within a small micro tidal channel. The work provided input for modelling dispersion of passive particle in shallow micro-tidal estuaries where these were not previously experimentally studied. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：小型潮汐河口受大型流动结构的影响，大型流动结构与下面的河床相结合，产生了较小规模的湍流，从而显着增加了水平扩散率。然而，由于仪器的限制，很少对水平扩散率及其相关尺度进行现场估算。来自GPS漂移器的低分辨率和高分辨率簇的多次部署的数据用于通过相对色散分析来检查小潮汐河口中表面流的动力学。在野外研究期间，结合了大型和小型过程的团簇扩散率介于0.01和3.01 m（2）/ s之间，用于扩散团簇，而对于收缩团簇则介于-0.06和-4.2 m（2）/ s之间。对粒子分散度Dp（2）与尺度有关，在流向中以类似于t（1.83）的D-p（2）和在横向流方向类似于t（0.8）的D-p（2）增长。在较小的分离规模下，对粒子（d <0.5 m）的相对扩散率遵循理查森的4/3幂定律，并随着分离规模的增加而变弱。对颗粒的扩散系数描述为K-p，在流向和横流方向分别类似于d（1.01），分离范围为0.1至10 m。使用两种方法来识别造成通道内分散的机制。结果清楚地表明了应变场（拉伸和剪切）在小潮汐微通道内颗粒扩散中的重要性。这项工作为模拟被动潮汐在浅潮汐河口中的弥散提供了模型输入，而以前没有进行过实验研究。 （C）2017 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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