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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Factors shaping bacterial phylogenetic and functional diversity in coastal waters of the NW Mediterranean Sea
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Factors shaping bacterial phylogenetic and functional diversity in coastal waters of the NW Mediterranean Sea

机译：塑造西北地中海沿岸细菌系统发育和功能多样性的因素

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To evaluate the main factors shaping bacterioplankton phylogenetic and functional diversity in marine coastal waters, we carried out a two-year study based on a monthly sampling in Blanes Bay (NW Mediterranean). We expected the key factors driving bacterial diversity to be (1) temperature and nutrient concentration, together with chlorophyll a concentration as an indicator of phytoplankton biomass and, hence, a carbon source for bacteria (here called bottom-up factors), and (2) top-down pressure (virus- and protist-mediated mortality of bacteria). Phylogenetic diversity was analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S rRNA. Functional diversity was assessed by using monomeric carbon sources in Biolog EcoPlates and by determining the activity of six extracellular enzymes. Our results indicate that the bacterial phylogenetic and functional diversity in this coastal system is shaped mainly by bottom-up factors. A dendrogram analysis of the DGGE banding patterns revealed three main sample clusters. Two clusters differed significantly in temperature, nitrate and chlorophyll a concentration, and the third was characterized by the highest losses of bacterial production due to viral lysis detected over the whole study period. Protistan grazing had no effect on bacterial functional diversity, since there were no correlations between protist-mediated mortality (PMM) and extracellular enzyme activities, and utilization of only two out of the 31 carbon sources (N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and a-cyclodextrin) was correlated with PMM. In contrast, virus-mediated mortality correlated with changes in the percentage of use of four carbon sources, and also with specific leu-aminopeptidase and beta-glucosidase activity. This suggests that viral lysate provides a pool of labile carbon sources, presumably including amino acids and glucose, which may inhibit proteolytic and glucosidic activity. Our results indicate that bottom-up factors play a more important role than top-down factors (i.e. viral lysis and protistan grazing) in shaping bacterial community structure and activity. Furthermore, they suggest that viruses play a more important role than protists in modifying community structure and functional diversity of bacteria in oligotrophic marine coastal waters. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：为了评估影响海洋沿海水域浮游细菌系统发生和功能多样性的主要因素，我们基于每月一次的布拉内斯湾（地中海西北）采样进行了为期两年的研究。我们预计驱动细菌多样性的关键因素是（1）温度和营养物浓度以及叶绿素a浓度作为浮游植物生物量的指标，因此是细菌的碳源（此处称为自下而上的因素），和（2自上而下的压力（病毒和原生质介导的细菌死亡率）。通过16S rRNA的变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）分析了系统发育多样性。通过使用Biolog EcoPlates中的单体碳源并确定六种细胞外酶的活性来评估功能多样性。我们的结果表明，该沿海系统中细菌的系统发育和功能多样性主要受自下而上因素的影响。 DGGE谱带图的树状图分析显示了三个主要的样本簇。两个簇的温度，硝酸盐和叶绿素a的浓度存在显着差异，第三个簇的特征是由于在整个研究期间检测到的病毒裂解导致细菌产生的最大损失。原生动物放牧对细菌功能多样性没有影响，因为原生生物介导的死亡率（PMM）与细胞外酶活性之间没有相关性，并且31种碳源中只有两种利用了（N-乙酰基-D-葡萄糖胺和a-环糊精）与PMM相关。相反，病毒介导的死亡率与四种碳源的使用百分比变化相关，并且与特定的亮氨肽酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶活性相关。这表明病毒裂解物提供了不稳定的碳源库，大概包括氨基酸和葡萄糖，它们可能抑制蛋白水解和糖苷活性。我们的结果表明，自下而上的因素在影响细菌群落结构和活性方面比自上而下的因素（即病毒裂解和Protistan放牧）起着更重要的作用。此外，他们认为病毒在改变贫营养海洋沿海水域中细菌的群落结构和功能多样性方面比原生生物更重要。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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