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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Phytoplankton blooms in estuarine and coastal waters: Seasonal patterns and key species
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Phytoplankton blooms in estuarine and coastal waters: Seasonal patterns and key species

机译：河口和沿海水域的浮游植物开花：季节性模式和关键物种

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Phytoplanlcton blooms are dynamic phenomena of great importance to the functioning of estuarine and coastal ecosystems. We analysed a unique (large) collection of phytoplankton monitoring data covering 86 coastal sites distributed over eight regions in North America and Europe, with the aim of investigating common patterns in the seasonal timing and species composition of the blooms. The spring bloom was the most common seasonal pattern across all regions, typically occurring early (February-March) at lower latitudes and later (April-May) at higher latitudes. Bloom frequency, defined as the probability of unusually high biomass, ranged from 5 to 35% between sites and followed no consistent patterns across gradients of latitude, temperature, salinity, water depth, stratification, tidal amplitude or nutrient concentrations. Blooms were mostly dominated by a single species, typically diatoms (58% of the blooms) and dinoflagellates (19%). Diatom-dominated spring blooms were a common feature in most systems, although dinoflagellate spring blooms were also observed in the Baltic Sea. Blooms dominated by chlorophytes and cyanobacteria were only common in low salinity waters and occurred mostly at higher temperatures. Key bloom species across the eight regions included the diatoms Cerataulina pelagica and Dactyliosolen fragilissimus and dinoflagellates Heterocapsa triquetra and Prorocentrum cordatum. Other frequent bloom-forming taxa were diatom genera Chaetoceros, Coscinodiscus, Skeletonema, and Thalassiosira. Our meta-analysis shows that these 86 estuarine-coastal sites function as diatom-producing systems, the timing of that production varies widely, and that bloom frequency is not associated with environmental factors measured in monitoring programs. We end with a perspective on the limitations of conclusions derived from meta-analyses of phytoplankton time series, and the grand challenges remaining to understand the wide range of bloom patterns and processes that select species as bloom dominants in coastal waters. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：浮游植物水华是对河口和沿海生态系统功能极为重要的动态现象。我们分析了一个独特的（大型）浮游植物监测数据，涵盖了分布在北美和欧洲八个地区的86个沿海站点，目的是调查开花季节的时机和物种组成的常见模式。春季开花是所有地区最常见的季节性模式，通常发生在低纬度的早期（2月至3月），高纬度的后期（4月至5月）。盛开频率定义为生物量异常高的概率，在站点之间介于5％至35％之间，并且在纬度，温度，盐度，水深，分层，潮汐振幅或营养物浓度的梯度上没有遵循一致的模式。花朵主要由单一物种控制，通常是硅藻（占花朵的58％）和鞭毛藻（19％）。尽管在波罗的海也观察到了鞭毛藻的春季开花，但硅藻为主的春季开花是大多数系统的共同特征。由叶绿素和蓝细菌控制的水华仅在低盐度水域中很常见，且大多发生在较高温度下。八个地区的主要开花物种包括硅藻小球藻（Cerataulina pelagica）和脆弱小叶藻（Dactyliosolen fragilissimus）以及鞭毛的杂鞭毛藻（Heterocapsa triquetra）和原球藻。其他常见的开花形成类群是硅藻属Chaetoceros，Coscinodiscus，Skeletonema和Thalasiosira。我们的荟萃分析表明，这86个河口-沿海站点起着硅藻生产系统的作用，生产时间的差异很大，而且水华发生频率与监测程序中测得的环境因素无关。我们以对浮游植物时间序列的荟萃分析得出的结论的局限性为出发点，并了解要了解广泛的开花模式和选择物种作为沿海水域开花为主的过程的巨大挑战。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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