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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Use of oysters to mitigate eutrophication in coastal waters
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Use of oysters to mitigate eutrophication in coastal waters

机译：使用牡蛎减轻沿海水域的富营养化

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Enhancing populations of suspension feeding bivalves, particularly the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, has been proposed as a means of mitigating eutrophication in coastal waters. Review of studies evaluating the effects of C. virginica on nitrogen (N) cycling found that oysters can have effects on water quality that vary by orders of magnitude among sites, seasons, and growing condition (e.g., oyster reefs, aquaculture). Nitrogen contained in phytoplankton consumed by oysters may be returned to the water column, assimilated into oyster tissue and shell, buried in the sediments, or returned to the atmosphere as dinitrogen gas, primarily via denitrification. Accurately quantifying oyster-related N removal requires detailed knowledge of these primary fates of N in coastal waters. A review of existing data demonstrated that the current state of knowledge is incomplete in many respects. Nitrogen assimilated into oyster tissue and shell per gram of dry weight was generally similar across sites and in oysters growing on reefs compared to aquaculture. Data on long-term burial of N associated with oyster reefs or aquaculture are lacking. When compared to suitable reference sites, denitrification rates were not consistently enhanced. Depending on environmental and oyster growing conditions, changes in denitrification rates varied by orders of magnitude among studies and did not always occur. Oyster aquaculture rarely enhanced denitrification. Unharvested oyster reefs frequently enhanced denitrification rates. Incorporating oysters into nutrient reduction strategies will require filling gaps in existing data to determine the extent to which relationships between N removal and environmental and/or growing conditions can be generalized. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：已经提出了增强悬浮饲料的双壳类种群，特别是东部牡蛎Crassostrea virginica的种群，作为减轻沿海水域富营养化的一种手段。评估维吉尼亚衣藻对氮（N）循环的影响的研究综述发现，牡蛎对水质的影响可能因地点，季节和生长条件（例如，牡蛎礁，水产养殖）而异，幅度变化的数量级不同。牡蛎消耗的浮游植物中所含的氮可以主要通过反硝化作用返回到水柱中，同化到牡蛎组织和贝壳中，埋在沉积物中，或作为二氧化氮返回大气。准确定量与牡蛎有关的氮去除量，需要对沿海水域氮的这些主要命运有详尽的了解。对现有数据的回顾表明，当前的知识状态在许多方面都不完整。与水产养殖相比，每克干重吸收到牡蛎组织和壳中的氮在各个地点和在礁石上生长的牡蛎中通常相似。缺乏与牡蛎礁或水产养殖有关的氮长期埋葬的数据。当与合适的参考地点比较时，反硝化率并未持续提高。根据环境和牡蛎的生长条件，研究中反硝化率的变化幅度不同，并非总是发生。牡蛎养殖很少能增强反硝化作用。未捕捞的牡蛎礁经常提高反硝化率。将牡蛎纳入营养减少策略将需要填补现有数据中的空白，以确定氮去除与环境和/或生长条件之间的关系可以推广到何种程度。 （C）2014 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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