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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >The coastal syndromes and hotspots on the coast
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The coastal syndromes and hotspots on the coast

机译：沿海地区的沿海综合症和热点

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Human intervention has resulted in a number of global and river syndromes that are mirrored by coastal syndromes caused by erosion, subsidence, salinization of aquifers, urbanization, eutrophication, invasive species and over exploitation of natural resources. These problems are now global, with few coastal zones remaining unaffected and pristine. However, the problems are particularly severe at "hotspots" in the coastal zone. These include river-mouth systems where fluxes of water, sediment, fertilizers and contaminants are focused; urbanized coasts and megacities where vulnerable populations are concentrated; Arctic coasts where the effects of climate change are accelerating a fundamental state change; and, at low lying coasts that are at risk of flooding, storm surges, sea-level rise and subsidence such as Micronesian island states where managed realignment and setback is not an option. A range of societal responses and appropriate governance frameworks will be necessary to treat the coastal syndromes.
机译：人为干预导致了许多全球性和河流综合症，沿海侵蚀综合症反映了这些综合症，这些综合症是由侵蚀，沉陷，含水层盐碱化，城市化，富营养化，入侵物种和过度利用自然资源引起的。这些问题现在是全球性的，几乎没有沿海地区未受影响和原始。但是，问题在沿海地区的“热点”尤为严重。其中包括集中水，沉积物，肥料和污染物的流量的河口系统；脆弱人群集中的城市化沿海地区和特大城市；气候变化的影响正在加速根本状态变化的北极海岸；在低水平沿海地区，容易遭受洪水，风暴潮，海平面上升和沉陷的威胁，例如密克罗尼西亚岛国，这些地区无法进行调整和挫折。治疗沿海综合症将需要一系列社会反应和适当的治理框架。

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