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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Use Of A High-resolution Profiling Sonar And A Towed Video Camera To Map A Zostera Marina Bed, Solent, Uk
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Use Of A High-resolution Profiling Sonar And A Towed Video Camera To Map A Zostera Marina Bed, Solent, Uk

机译：使用高分辨率轮廓声纳和牵引式摄像机绘制英国的Zostera Marina床，Solent，

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摘要

Seagrasses are flowering plants that develop into extensive underwater meadows and play a key role in the coastal ecosystem. In the last few years, several techniques have been developed to map and monitor seagrass beds in order to protect them. Here, we present the results of a survey using a profiling sonar, the Sediment Imager Sonar (SIS) and a towed video sledge to study a Zostera marina bed in the Solent, southern UK. The survey aimed to test the instruments for seagrass detection and to describe the area for the first time. On the acoustic data, the bed produced the strongest backscatter along a beam. A high backscatter above the bottom indicated the presence of seagrass. The results of an algorithm developed to detect seagrass from the sonar data were tested against video data. Four parameters were calculated from the SIS data: water depth, a Seagrass Index (average backscatter 10-15 cm above the bed), canopy height (height above the bed where the backscatter crosses a threshold limit) and patchiness (percentage of beams in a sweep where the backscatter 10-15 cm above the bed is greater than a threshold limit). From the video, Zostera density was estimated together with macroalgae abundance and bottom type. Patchiness calculated from the SIS data was strongly correlated to seagrass density evaluated from the video, indicating that this parameter could be used for seagrass detection. The survey area has been classified based upon seagrass density, macroalgae abundance and bottom type. Only a small area was occupied by a dense canopy whereas most of the survey area was characterised by patchy seagrass. Results indicated that Zostera marina developed only on sandy bottoms and was not found in regions of gravel. Furthermore, it was limited to a depth shallower than 1.5 m below the level of Lowest Astronomical Tide and present in small patches across the intertidal zone. The average canopy height was 15 cm and the highest density was 150 shoots m~(-2).
机译：海草是开花植物，可发育成广阔的水下草甸，并在沿海生态系统中发挥关键作用。在最近几年中，已经开发了几种技术来绘制和监视海草床以保护它们。在这里，我们介绍了使用轮廓声纳，泥沙成像声纳（SIS）和拖曳的视频爬犁进行调查的结果，以研究英国南部索伦特的Zostera码头床。该调查旨在测试用于检测海草的仪器并首次描述该区域。根据声学数据，该床沿波束产生了最强的反向散射。底部上方的高反向散射表明存在海草。针对视频数据测试了开发用于从声纳数据中检测海草的算法的结果。根据SIS数据计算出四个参数：水深，海草指数（背向散射平均在床上方10-15厘米），冠层高度（背向散射超过阈值限制的床上方高度）和斑块（光束在水平方向上的百分比）在床上方10-15厘米处的反向散射大于阈值限制的位置进行扫掠）。从视频中，估算了Zostera的密度以及大型藻类的丰度和底部类型。根据SIS数据计算出的斑块与视频中评估的海草密度密切相关，表明该参数可用于海草检测。根据海草密度，大型藻类丰度和底部类型对调查区域进行了分类。只有一小部分被茂密的树冠占据，而大部分调查区域的特征是斑驳的海草。结果表明，Zostera码头仅在沙质底部发育，而在砾石区域未发现。此外，它的深度被限制在最低天文潮以下的1.5m以下，并存在于潮间带的小块区域中。平均冠层高度为15 cm，最高密度为150芽m〜（-2）。

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