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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Large-scale diversity and abundance trends in sandy beach macrofauna along full gradients of salinity and morphodynamics
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Large-scale diversity and abundance trends in sandy beach macrofauna along full gradients of salinity and morphodynamics

机译：盐度和形态动力学全梯度下沙滩大型动物的大规模多样性和丰度趋势

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摘要

Salinity has been identified as a key variable affecting the distribution of aquatic organisms and influencing critical physiological processes. In sandy beach environments, variations in salinity resulting from local freshwater discharges have shown to produce dramatic effects in the habitat and the resident macrofauna. However, macroscale effects of salinity on sandy beach macrofauna have not been assessed yet. Here, we describe large-scale (400 km) variations in species richness and abundance along a full salinity gradient generated by the Rio de la Plata estuary in the south-western Atlantic Ocean. Two-year data assembled from 16 Uruguayan sandy beaches spanning a continuum from reflective to dissipative states were used to model variations in species richness and abundance as a function of salinity and beach morphodynamics. Environmental variables were highly correlated, showing a strong increase (linear or nonlinear) in swash/beach width, wave height and wave period towards oceanic beaches. The association between mean salinity and salinity range was best explained by a quadratic relationship, meaning highest variability at intermediate salinities (14—24). Species richness clearly increased with salinity, swash width and the compound index of beach state Ω (Dean's parameter), and markedly decreased with salinity range and beach face slope. A multiple stepwise regression model that explained 89% of the variance in species richness, included salinity range and beach width as the most important predictor variables. Total abundance increased from estuarine to oceanic beaches and from reflective to dissipative ones. Multiple regression analysis incorporated five environmental variables as main predictors: in addition to salinity range, the model included grain size, sorting, penetrability and organic matter content of the sediment. We conclude that salinity variability is a key factor affecting sandy beach morphodynamics and shaping macroscale patterns in species richness. Alternatively, concurrent variations in salinity and sedimentological variables shape the spatial distribution of total abundance in sandy beach macrofauna.
机译：盐度已被确定为影响水生生物分布并影响关键生理过程的关键变量。在沙滩环境中，局部淡水排放导致的盐度变化已显示出对栖息地和居民大型动物的影响。然而，盐度对沙滩大型动物的宏观影响尚未得到评估。在这里，我们描述了西南大西洋大西洋沿里约热内卢河口产生的盐度梯度沿物种丰富度和丰度的大规模变化（400公里）。从16个乌拉圭沙滩收集的两年数据涵盖了从反射状态到耗散状态的连续性，用于对物种丰富度和丰度随盐度和海滩形态动力学变化的变化进行建模。环境变量高度相关，表明向海洋海滩的斜波/海滩宽度，波浪高度和波浪周期强烈增加（线性或非线性）。平均盐度和盐度范围之间的关联最好用二次关系来解释，这意味着在中等盐度下最大的变异性（14-24）。物种丰富度随着盐度，冲刷宽度和海滩状态Ω（Dean参数）的复合指数而明显增加，并随着盐度范围和海滩面坡度而明显降低。一个多元逐步回归模型可以解释物种丰富度的89％变化，其中盐度范围和海滩宽度是最重要的预测变量。总的丰度从河口滩到大洋滩，从反射滩到耗散滩都增加了。多元回归分析将五个环境变量作为主要预测因子：除盐度范围外，该模型还包括沉积物的粒度，分选，渗透性和有机质含量。我们得出结论，盐度变异性是影响沙滩形态动力学和塑造物种丰富度宏观格局的关键因素。另外，盐度和沉积学变量的同时变化会影响沙滩大型动物群中总丰度的空间分布。

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