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Cortical responses associated with predictable and unpredictable compensatory balance reactions

机译：与可预测和不可预测的代偿平衡反应相关的皮层反应

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摘要

This study investigated the effects of postural set on the cortical response evoked by an external perturbation to human upright stance. Postural set was manipulated by providing either predictable or unpredictable whole body perturbations which required balance corrections to maintain upright stability. Unpredictable perturbations evoked a large negative potential (e.g., CZ: −19.9±5.1 μV) that was similar in timing (e.g., CZ: 98.9±5.5 ms) and shape to that reported in previous studies. This large negative potential was not discernable for perturbations with predictable onset timing and direction in spite of the presence of significant compensatory balance reactions. Importantly, when a surprise perturbation was presented following a series of predictable perturbations, the large negative potential occurred on this trial even though subjects expected a predictable stimulus onset. This suggests that the large negative potential was dependent on a dissociation between expected and actual stimuli rather than on a tonic central state defined by task conditions. These results suggest that cortical events may be linked to error detection that is independent of sensory or motor events associated with evoked balance reactions.
机译：这项研究调查了姿势定型对外界对人类直立姿势的扰动引起的皮质反应的影响。通过提供可预测的或不可预测的全身扰动来操纵姿势，这需要校正平衡来维持直立稳定性。不可预测的扰动会引起很大的负电势（例如CZ：-19.9±5.1μV），其时机（例如CZ：98.9±5.5 ms）的时间和形状与以前的研究相似。尽管存在明显的补偿性平衡反应，但对于具有可预测的发作时机和方向的摄动来说，这种巨大的负电位是无法分辨的。重要的是，当一系列可预测的扰动后出现意外扰动时，即使受试者预期可预期的刺激发作，该试验仍会出现较大的负电位。这表明，较大的负电位取决于预期和实际刺激之间的分离，而不是取决于任务条件所定义的强直中枢状态。这些结果表明，皮层事件可能与错误检测有关，而错误检测与与诱发的平衡反应相关的感觉或运动事件无关。

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