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A real-time SPC inventory replenishment system to improve supply chain performances

机译：实时SPC库存补货系统，可改善供应链绩效

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摘要

Inventory replenishment rules contribute significantly to the bullwhip effect and inventory instability in supply chains. Smoothing replenishment rules have been suggested as a mitigation solution for the bull-whip effect but dampening the bullwhip effect might increase inventory instability. This paper evaluates a real-time inventory replenishment system denoted as SPC that utilizes a control chart approach to counteract the bullwhip effect whilst achieving competitive inventory stability. The SPC employs two control charts integrated with a set of decision rules to estimate the expected demand and adjust the inventory position, respectively. The first control chart works as a forecasting mechanism and the second control chart is devoted to control the inventory position variation whilst allowing order smoothing. A simulation analysis has been conducted to evaluate and compare SPC with a generalized (R, S) policy in a four-echelon supply chain, under various operational settings in terms of demand process, lead-time and information sharing. The results show that SPC is superior to the traditional (R, S) and comparable to the smoothing one in terms of bullwhip effect, inventory variance, and service level. Further managerial implications have been obtained from the results.
机译：库存补给规则对牛鞭效应和供应链中的库存不稳定起了很大的作用。有人建议采用平滑的补货规则来缓解牛鞭效应，但减轻牛鞭效应可能会增加库存的不稳定性。本文评估了一个称为SPC的实时库存补给​​系统，该系统利用控制图方法来抵消牛鞭效应，同时实现具有竞争力的库存稳定性。 SPC使用两个控制图和一组决策规则来分别估计预期需求和调整库存位置。第一个控制图用作预测机制，第二个控制图专用于控制库存位置变化，同时允许平滑订单。在需求过程，交货时间和信息共享的各种操作设置下，已经进行了仿真分析，以评估和比较SPC与四级供应链中的广义（R，S）策略。结果表明，在牛鞭效应，库存差异和服务水平方面，SPC优于传统的（R，S），并且可以与平滑的SPC相媲美。从结果中获得了进一步的管理意义。

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