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Comparison study of the volatile profiles and microbial communities of Wuyi Qu and Gutian Qu, two major types of traditional fermentation starters of Hong Qu glutinous rice wine

机译:洪曲糯米酒的两种主要传统发酵剂武夷曲和古田曲的挥发性特征和微生物群落的比较研究

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摘要

Hong Qu, which mainly contains Monascus sp. and other microorganisms, as well as numerous microbial metabolites, is used as the fermentation starter of Hong Qu glutinous rice wine, a traditional alcoholic beverage. Two widely-used types of Hong Qu, namely Wuyi Qu (WYQ) and Gutian Qu (GTQ), were thoroughly compared for their fermentation properties, volatile profiles, and microbiota structures in this study. Significantly higher color value, glucoamylase and α-amylase activities were discovered in WYQ. And substantial variation in volatile components and microbial communities were also observed between them. It was identified that bacterial genus Burkholderia dominated GTQ (71.62%) and Bacillus dominated WYQ (44.73%), while Monascus purpureus was the most abundant fungal species in both types of starters (76.99%). In addition, 213 bacterial genera and 150 fungal species with low-abundance were also detected. Since the Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size algorithm, 14 genus-level bacterial taxa and 10 species-level fungal taxa could be utilized to distinguish these two types of starters. Moreover, the potential correlation of the volatile components and microbiota within WYQ and GTQ were further analyzed, by utilizing Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis. Ultimately, this study provides detailed insight into the volatile profiles and microbial communities presented in Hong Qu.
机译:虹曲,主要包含红曲菌。曲霉糯米酒(一种传统的酒精饮料)的发酵开始剂,以及其他微生物以及众多的微生物代谢产物。在本研究中,对两种广泛使用的虹曲类型(即武夷曲(WYQ)和古田曲(GTQ))进行了发酵性能,挥发性成分和微生物群结构的比较。在WYQ中发现显着更高的色值,葡糖淀粉酶和α-淀粉酶活性。并且在它们之间还观察到挥发性成分和微生物群落的显着变化。可以确定,伯克霍尔德氏菌属以GTQ(71.62%)为主,芽孢杆菌以WYQ(44.73%)为主,而红曲菌是两种发酵剂中含量最高的真菌种类(76.99%)。此外,还检测到213种细菌属和150种低丰度真菌。由于使用线性判别分析效果大小算法,因此可以利用14个属级细菌类群和10个物种级真菌类群来区分这两种类型的启动子。此外,利用偏最小二乘判别分析进一步分析了WYQ和GTQ中挥发性成分与微生物群的潜在相关性。最终,这项研究提供了对红曲中挥发性成分和微生物群落的详细了解。

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