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Bacteriophages as enteric viral indicators in bivalve mollusc management

机译：噬菌体作为双壳软体动物管理中的肠道病毒指标

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摘要

Human enteric viruses, such as norovirus and hepatitis A virus, are spread by a variety of routes including faecal-oral transmission. Contaminated bivalve shellfish are regularly implicated in foodborne viral disease outbreaks internationally. Traditionally indicator bacteria, the coliforms and Escherichia coli, have been used to detect faecal pollution in growing waters and shellfish. However, studies have established that they are inadequate as indicators of the risk of human enteric viruses. Bacteriophages have been identified as potential indicators or surrogates for human enteric viruses due to their similarities in morphology, behaviour in water environments and resistance to disinfectant treatments. The somatic coliphages, male-specific RNA coliphages (FRNA coliphages) and the bacteriophages of Bacteroides are the groups recognised as most suitable for water and shellfish testing. In this review, we discuss the rationale and supporting evidence for the application of bacteriophages as surrogates for human enteric viruses in shellfish under a variety of conditions. There is some evidence to support the validity of using bacteriophage levels to indicate viral risk in shellfish in highly contaminated sites and following adverse sewage events.
机译：人类肠道病毒，例如诺如病毒和甲型肝炎病毒，通过多种途径传播，包括粪便-口传播。在国际上，被污染的双壳贝类经常与食源性病毒疾病有关。传统上，指示菌，大肠菌群和大肠杆菌已用于检测生长水域和贝类中的粪便污染。但是，研究表明它们不足以作为人类肠道病毒风险的指标。由于噬菌体的形态相似，在水环境中的行为以及对消毒剂的抗性，因此已被鉴定为人类肠道病毒的潜在指示物或替代物。体细胞噬菌体，雄性特异性RNA噬菌体（FRNA噬菌体）和拟杆菌属的噬菌体是公认最适合水和贝类测试的组。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了在各种条件下应用噬菌体作为贝类人类肠道病毒替代品的原理和支持证据。有一些证据支持使用噬菌体水平来表明在高度污染的地点以及不利的污水事件之后贝类中的病毒风险的有效性。

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  • 来源
    《Food microbiology》 |2017年第8期|284-293|共10页
  • 作者

    Kate R. Hodgson; Valeria A. Torok; Alison R. Turnbull;

  • 作者单位

    South Australian Research and Development Institute, C.P.0 Box 397, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia;

    South Australian Research and Development Institute, C.P.0 Box 397, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia;

    South Australian Research and Development Institute, C.P.0 Box 397, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Shellfish; Sewage; Virus; Food safety; Indicator; Bacteriophage;

    机译：贝类;污水;病毒;食品安全;指示符;噬菌体;

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