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Biodegradation and water washing in a spill-fill sequence of oilfields

机译：油田溢流灌装过程中的生物降解和水洗

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A recent paper delineated the variations in crude oil in five oilfields (seven reservoirs); large differences in biodegradation and water washing were reported in accord with expectations of the spill-fill sequence of trap filling [1]. Here, the deepest oilfield, Catcher, with the best quality crude oil is examined in detail. Among different oilfields, the extent of water washing is tightly coupled to the extent of (ongoing) biodegradation. Moreover, in-reservoir gradients of biodegradation and water washing are also highly correlated supporting the previous finding that, for cases of ongoing biodegradation, water washing can be assisted by biodegradation. Further support for this process is obtained with a detailed analysis of alkylbenzenes and alkylnaphthalenes that show elimination in accordance with water solubility, yet scale with the extent of biodegradation. Ongoing biodegradation accelerates water washing; once water-soluble components enter the aquifer, they are consumed by microbes maintaining a flux of these components into the aquifer and eliminating the corresponding need for (slow) diffusion of these components away from the oil-water contact. In addition, the oil gradient in the Catcher oilfield is affected by the change in biodegradation of the crude oil spilling into Catcher from a deeper, subsiding reservoir causing a large gradient at the top of the oil column. Factors that determine oil type in charge are discussed. This paper extends the range of measurement of water washing in these reservoirs to a factor 10,000 in water solubility. All data herein are consistent with biodegradation and biodegradation-assisted water washing occurring in reservoir, not in migration.
机译：最近的一篇论文描述了五个油田（七个油藏）中原油的变化。据报道，在生物降解和水洗方面存在很大差异，与对疏水阀填充物的溢出-填充顺序的期望一致[1]。在这里，将对最深的油田Catcher和最优质的原油进行详细检查。在不同的油田之间，水洗的程度与（进行中的）生物降解的程度紧密相关。此外，生物降解和水洗的储层内梯度也高度相关，这支持了先前的发现：对于正在进行的生物降解，可以通过生物降解来辅助水洗。通过对烷基苯和烷基萘的详细分析可获得进一步支持，该烷基苯和烷基萘显示出根据水溶性的消除方式，但随着生物降解程度而扩大。正在进行的生物降解加速了水的洗涤；一旦水溶性成分进入含水层，微生物就会消耗它们，从而保持这些成分向含水层中的通量，从而消除了这些成分从油水接触处缓慢扩散的需求。此外，麦田守望者油田的原油梯度还受到从较深的沉陷油藏泄漏到麦田守望者中的原油生物降解变化的影响，从而在油柱顶部造成较大的坡度。讨论了确定装油类型的因素。本文将这些储层中水冲洗的测量范围扩展到了10,000的水溶性。本文中的所有数据与在储层中而非迁移中发生的生物降解和生物降解辅助的水冲洗是一致的。

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