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Effect of nozzle exit shape on the geometrical features of horizontal turbulent jet flame

机译：喷嘴出口形状对水平湍流射流火焰几何特征的影响

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摘要

The accidental releases of high pressure gas fuel could lead to the jet fires, resulting in a serious of disastrous events. This paper presents a systematical investigation upon the effect of nozzle exit shape on the horizontal jet flame geometry by experiments. The nozzles of circular, rectangular, equilateral triangle and elliptic exits were used for experimental tests. New correlations for the horizontally projected flame length, vertically projected flame height and lift-off distance are established for horizontal jet fires ejected from the exits of different shapes. The exit shape coefficient (the ratio of hydraulic to equivalent diameters) is found to dominate the phenomenological constant in the classic correlation of flame length, and the dependency of phenomenological constant on exit shape coefficient is quantified. It is also clarified that Richardson number (the ratio of flame buoyancy to exit momentum) dominates the ratio of vertically projected flame height to horizontally projected flame length. The hydraulic diameter is proposed to revise the dimensionless flow number, for physically addressing the effect of exit shape on the lift-off distance of horizontal jet flame.
机译：高压气体燃料的意外释放可能导致喷气式飞机起火，从而导致严重的灾难性事件。本文通过实验对喷嘴出口形状对水平射流火焰几何形状的影响进行了系统的研究。圆形，矩形，等边三角形和椭圆形出口的喷嘴用于实验测试。对于从不同形状的出口喷出的水平射流火，建立了水平投影火焰长度，垂直投影火焰高度和升空距离的新关联。发现出口形状系数（水力与等效直径的比）在火焰长度的经典相关性中主导着现象学常数，并且量化了现象学常数对出口形状系数的依赖性。还需要说明的是，理查森数（火焰浮力与出口动量之比）支配着垂直投影的火焰高度与水平投影的火焰长度之比。建议使用水力直径来修改无因次流量，以物理解决出口形状对水平射流火焰升起距离的影响。

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