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Optimization, kinetic and thermodynamic studies on sustainable biodiesel production from waste cooking oil: An Indian perspective

机译：废料烹饪油可持续生物柴油生产的优化，动力学和热力学研究：印度观点

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In India, the biodiesel industry is promising and growing at a rapid rate. Several attempts have been made using non edible feedstock to develop the commercial and sustainable biodiesel industry. In this perspective, this study has aimed to optimize four main factors; catalyst quantity, methanol: waste cooking oil molar ratio, mixing intensity and reaction time, which would influence the conversion of waste cooking oil to biodiesel. Response surface methodology integrated with desirability function approach was used to determine the best operative conditions. The optimal reaction parameters for maximum biodiesel yield (90 +/- 0.25%) were identified as 0.6%w/w catalyst loading, 10.6:1 methanol to waste cooking ratio, 559 rpm mixing intensity and 63 min reaction time. The study of reaction kinetics revealed that the experimental data followed the first order reaction kinetics and the energy required to activate the molecules to undergo chemical transformation was calculated as 57.82 kJ/mol. The important thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy (Delta H), entropy (Delta S), and the Gibbs free energy (Delta G) were estimated to assess the characteristics of the transesterification process. The values of the thermodynamic parameters were found to be Delta H = 55.09 kJ/mol, Delta S =-0.103 kJ/mol K and Delta G = 89.90 kJ/mol, respectively.
机译：在印度，生物柴油业以速度快速增长。使用了几次尝试使用不可食用的原料来开发商业和可持续的生物柴油行业。在这种观点中，本研究旨在优化四种主要因素;催化剂量，甲醇：废物烹饪油摩尔比，混合强度和反应时间，这会影响废物烹饪油转化为生物柴油。使用可期望功能方法集成的响应面方法用于确定最佳的操作条件。最大生物柴油产率（90 +/- 0.25％）的最佳反应参数被鉴定为0.6％w / w催化剂负载，10.6：1甲醇，以废料烹饪比，559rpm混合强度和63分钟的反应时间。反应动力学的研究表明，实验数据跟随第一阶反应动力学和激活分子以进行化学转化所需的能量计算为57.82 kJ / mol。估计诸如焓（Delta H），熵（Delta S）和Gibbs自由能（Delta G）的重要热力学参数，以评估酯交换过程的特性。发现热力学参数的值分别是δH= 55.09kJ / mol，ΔS= -0.103kJ / mol k和Delta g = 89.90kJ / mol。

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