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Performance and emission characteristics of a CI engine using nano particles additives in biodiesel-diesel blends and modeling with GP approach

机译：在生物柴油-柴油混合物中使用纳米颗粒添加剂的CI发动机的性能和排放特性，并通过GP方法建模

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The performance and the exhaust emissions of a diesel engine operating on nano-diesel-biodiesel blended fuels has been investigated. Multi wall carbon nano tubes (CNT) (40, 80 and 120 ppm) and nano silver particles (40, 80 and 120 ppm) were produced and added as additive to the biodiesel-diesel blended fuel. Six cylinders, four-stroke diesel engine was fuelled with these new blended fuels and operated at different engine speeds. Experimental test results indicated the fact that adding nano particles to diesel and biodiesel fuels, increased diesel engine performance variables including engine power and torque output up to 2% and brake specific fuel consumption (bsfc) was decreased 7.08% compared to the net diesel fuel. CO2 emission increased maximum 17.03% and CO emission in a biodiesel-diesel fuel with nano-particles was lower significantly (25.17%) compared to pure diesel fuel. UHC emission with silver nano-diesel-biodiesel blended fuel decreased (28.56%) while with fuels that contains CNT nano particles increased maximum 14.21%. With adding nano particles to the blended fuels, NOx increased 25.32% compared to the net diesel fuel. This study also presents genetic programming (GP) based model to predict the performance and emission parameters of a CI engine in terms of nano-fuels and engine speed. Experimental studies were completed to obtain training and testing data. The optimum models were selected according to statistical criteria of root mean square error (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R-2). It was observed that the GP model can predict engine performance and emission parameters with correlation coefficient (R-2) in the range of 0.93-1 and RMSE was found to be near zero. The simulation results demonstrated that GP model is a good tool to predict the CI engine performance and emission parameters. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：已经研究了使用纳米柴油-生物柴油混合燃料运行的柴油发动机的性能和废气排放。生产多壁碳纳米管（CNT）（40、80和120 ppm）和纳米银颗粒（40、80和120 ppm），并将其作为添加剂添加到生物柴油-柴油混合燃料中。这些新的混合燃料为六缸四冲程柴油发动机提供了燃料，并以不同的发动机转速运行。实验测试结果表明，与净柴油相比，向柴油和生物柴油燃料中添加纳米颗粒，增加的柴油发动机性能变量（包括发动机功率和扭矩输出）高达2％和制动比燃料消耗（bsfc）降低了7.08％。与纯柴油相比，具有纳米颗粒的生物柴油-柴油燃料的CO2排放最大增加了17.03％，CO排放显着降低了（25.17％）。银纳米柴油-生物柴油混合燃料的超高排放量减少了（28.56％），而含有CNT纳米颗粒的燃料的UHC排放最高增加了14.21％。通过向混合燃料中添加纳米颗粒，与净柴油相比，NOx增加了25.32％。这项研究还提出了基于遗传程序设计（GP）的模型，以纳米燃料和发动机转速来预测CI发动机的性能和排放参数。完成了实验研究以获得训练和测试数据。根据均方根误差（RMSE）和测定系数（R-2）的统计标准选择最佳模型。可以看出，GP模型可以在0.93-1的相关系数（R-2）预测发动机性能和排放参数，并且发现RMSE接近零。仿真结果表明，GP模型是预测CI发动机性能和排放参数的良好工具。 （C）2017 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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