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Axial gas profiles in a bubbling fluidised bed biomass gasifier

机译：鼓泡流化床生物质气化炉中的轴向气体分布

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A 200 mm laboratory-scale atmospheric bubbling fluidised bed reactor has been used to obtain experimental data for the air/steam gasification of eucalyptus red gum wood chips and commercial wood pellets. The unique feature of this gasifier is the ability to examine the variations to axial gas composition along the bed height. At present no such data is available in the literature for biomass gasification. Gasification tests were performed using beds of; silica sand, char or clay to determine the effect of bed type on the gas composition. The behaviour of the major gas species (CO, H_2, CO_2) were observed to be strongly influenced by the water-gas shift reaction within the freeboard of the gasifier resulting in the exit gas being relatively similar in composition as compared to the in-bed variations. These small differences in gas composition for all bed types tested are the result of the achievement of equilibrium in the water-gas shift reaction. The influence of bed type exerted the most impact on the C_2-C_3 emissions (tar proxy) with the char bed found to best aid in their breakdown and to limit the amount of hydrocarbons surviving into the freeboard. The reduction of iron oxide (Fe_2O_3) content in the clay to a more reactive form of magnetite Fe_3O_4 by CO and H_2 in the product gas resulted in the clay bed to also exhibit a reduction in C_2-C_3 emissions compared to silica sand but less then char. The clay bed produced the highest calorific values for the producer gas. However, operation of the clay bed above 800 °C exhibits the potential for over reduction to form iron with subsequent agglomeration of the bed. Changing the fuel type to a biomass pellet resulted in higher emissions of C_1-C_3 hydrocarbons and in part its contribution is the result of primary particle fragmentation during screw feed conveying to the bed. Feeder location and bed design (conical or cylindrical) also exhibit an influence on hydrocarbon emissions.
机译：已使用200毫米实验室规模的大气鼓泡流化床反应器来获取桉木红胶木片和商品木屑的空气/蒸汽气化的实验数据。该气化炉的独特之处在于能够检查沿床层高度轴向气体成分的变化。目前，在文献中没有用于生物质气化的此类数据。气化试验是使用以下床进行的：硅砂，炭或粘土来确定床型对气体成分的影响。观察到主要气体种类（CO，H_2，CO_2）的行为受到气化炉干舷内水煤气变换反应的强烈影响，导致出口气体的成分与床内气体相对相似。变化。对于所有测试床类型，气体组成的这些细微差异是水煤气变换反应达到平衡的结果。床型的影响对C_2-C_3排放（焦油替代物）的影响最大，炭床被发现可以最好地帮助其分解并限制残留在干舷内的碳氢化合物的数量。产物气中的CO和H_2将粘土中的氧化铁（Fe_2O_3）含量还原为更具反应性的磁铁矿Fe_3O_4形式，导致粘土床层的C_2-C_3排放量也比硅砂减少，但小于字符粘土床产生的最高产热值。然而，在800℃以上的粘土床操作显示出过度还原以形成铁以及随后的床附聚的潜力。将燃料类型更改为生物质颗粒会导致更高的C_1-C_3碳氢化合物排放量，并且其部分原因是在螺旋进料输送到床的过程中初级颗粒破碎的结果。进料器的位置和床的设计（锥形或圆柱形）也会对碳氢化合物的排放产生影响。

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