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首页> 外文期刊>Fuel >The effect of alkali metals on combustion and pyrolysis of Lolium and Festuca grasses, switchgrass and willow
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The effect of alkali metals on combustion and pyrolysis of Lolium and Festuca grasses, switchgrass and willow

机译：碱金属对黑麦草和羊茅草，柳枝and和柳树燃烧和热解的影响

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The effect of alkali metals on the thermal degradation of biomass during combustion and pyrolysis has been investigated for 19 Lolium and Festuca grass varieties. These samples have been grown under the same conditions, but has been genetically mutated to give varying lignin contents in the range 2-6% measured by Klason. These grasses also have a high alkali metal content resulting in a high ash content. In order to compare the Lolium and Festuca grasses willow chip and switchgrass were also studied to act as a reference fuels. All samples were subjected to different washing conditions to investigate the effect of decreasing the metal content. The resulting biomass samples were studied for pyrolysis characteristics using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (pyroprobe-GC/MS) and for combustion characteristics by TGA. A strong catalytic effect of metals, particularly potassium, was observed in both pyrolysis and combustion. Also, it was found that as the lignin content increases, the metal content (especially potassium and sodium) decreases. Furthermore, the char yield from pyrolysis (measured at 773 K from TGA pyrolysis traces) increases as metals increase, and hence char yield increases as the lignin content decreases. Py-GCMS showed that peak intensities varied for untreated and treated samples; in particular the levoglucosan yield is higher and the hydroxyacetaldehyde yield is lower for treated (low metal content) samples. This supports previous work mechanisms by Liden et al. in which alkali metals promote an ionic route that favours ring-scission and hydroxyacetaldehyde formation.
机译：研究了19种黑麦草和Festuca草品种中碱金属对燃烧和热解过程中生物质热降解的影响。这些样品已在相同条件下生长，但已进行了基因突变，木质素含量由Klason测量为2-6％。这些草还具有高碱金属含量，导致高灰分含量。为了比较黑麦草和羊茅草柳柳和柳枝to也被用作参考燃料。所有样品均经受不同的洗涤条件，以研究降低金属含量的效果。使用热重分析（TGA）和热解气相色谱-质谱（pyroprobe-GC / MS）研究所得生物质样品的热解特性，并通过TGA研究其燃烧特性。在热解和燃烧中都观察到金属，特别是钾的强烈催化作用。另外，发现随着木质素含量的增加，金属含量（特别是钾和钠）降低。此外，热解的焦炭产量（从TGA热解痕迹在773 K处测量）随着金属的增加而增加，因此，随着木质素含量的减少，焦炭的产量也随之增加。 Py-GCMS显示，未处理和已处理样品的峰强度有所不同；特别是对于处理过的（低金属含量）样品，左旋葡聚糖的产量较高，而羟乙醛的产量较低。这支持了Liden等人以前的工作机制。其中碱金属促进离子途径，有利于环断裂和羟基乙醛形成。

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