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Extending the range of an ancient crop, Salvia hispanica L.—a new ω3 source

机译：扩展了古老的作物Salvia hispanica L.的范围-一种新的ω3来源

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Chia, Salvia hispanica L., was well developed into a cultivated crop and an important component of Mesoamerican cultures and nutrition. Early Mesoamerican breeders produced lines with well developed agronomic characteristics including good, uniform seed yield and retention. Seed retention in particular is disadvantageous for survival in the wild. Maize, beans and squash were developed into important crops concomitant with chia in Mesoamerica but unlike these other crops lack of photoperiodic variability in floral induction limited the spread of chia cultivation into North America. There has been renewed interest in chia as an excellent source of ω3 fatty acids and dietary fiber for healthy diets. Such highly unsaturated oils also are useful starting materials for many renewable chemicals. Further we find chia grows very well in Midwestern and Eastern USA but flowers too late in the season for seeds to mature before killing frosts. We set out to develop the genetic diversity in floral induction to provide germplasm for production in the US and other temperate areas of the world. We demonstrate that new early flowering lines are able to flower under a photoperiod of 15 h under greenhouse conditions. In field conditions, some selected new lines flowered at a photoperiod of 14 h and 41 min during the 2009 growing season in Kentucky and can produce seeds in a range of environments in temperate areas.
机译：鼠尾草（Salvia hispanica L.）的恰亚（Chia）已很好地发展成为一种耕种作物，并且是中美洲文化和营养的重要组成部分。中美洲的早期育种者生产的品系具有良好的农艺特性，包括良好，均一的种子产量和保持力。种子保留尤其对于野外生存不利。在中美洲，玉米，豆类和南瓜已发展成为重要的农作物，但与此相反，与其他农作物不同，花卉诱导过程中缺乏光周期变异性限制了其在北美的推广。作为健康饮食中ω3脂肪酸和膳食纤维的极好来源，人们对chia产生了新的兴趣。这种高度不饱和的油也是许多可再生化学品的有用原料。此外，我们发现奇亚在美国中西部和东部生长良好，但在该季节开花太晚，种子无法成熟，然后杀死霜冻。我们着手开发花卉诱导的遗传多样性，以提供在美国和世界其他温带地区生产的种质资源。我们证明，新的早期开花系能够在温室条件下在15 h的光周期下开花。在田间条件下，一些选定的新品系在2009年生长期在肯塔基州的14 h和41 min的光周期开花，可​​以在温带地区的各种环境中产生种子。

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