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Securing forests from the scourge of chestnut blight: The biopolitics of nature and nation

机译：保护森林免受栗子疫病的危害：自然与国家的生物政治

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Bringing a biopolitical framework to bear on historical geographies of nature, this article traces the recent history of the American chestnut, with a focus on the pivotal time period in the early 20th century (1905-1925) during which the tree's ecological, economic, and cultural roles changed dramatically. Once an ecologically dominant and culturally important forest tree in eastern North America, the American chestnut was rendered functionally extinct following the accidental introduction of a fungal pathogen, known as the chestnut blight, at the turn of the 20th century. Calling attention to the historical ties between nature and nation, I demonstrate how blight control, chestnut breeding, and restoration efforts were formulated in conversation with broader anxieties about the fate of the American nation in the wake of social, environmental, economic, and racial change. Through an exploration of three themes distilled from archival research chestnut blight as national threat, fear and desire for exotic nature, and the shared histories of plant breeding and racial improvement this paper illustrates the role that nature has played in the construction and circulation of biopolitical discourses, nationalist sensibilities, and gendered and racial logics. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：借助生物政治框架来研究自然的历史地理，本文追溯了美国栗子的最新历史，重点关注了20世纪初（1905-1925）的关键时期，在此期间，该树的生态，经济和经济活动受到了人们的关注。文化角色发生了巨大变化。栗子曾经是北美东部的一种生态优势和文化上重要的林木，在20世纪初，由于偶然引入了一种被称为栗枯萎病的真菌病原体，美洲栗在功能上已经灭绝。在提请人们注意自然与民族之间的历史联系时，我演示了如何在社会，环境，经济和种族变化引起人们对美国民族命运的广泛担忧的情况下，制定防治疫病，栗子育种和恢复工作。通过探索从档案研究中提取的栗子枯萎病的三个主题，即国家威胁，对异国自然的恐惧和渴望，以及植物育种和种族改良的共同历史，本文阐述了自然在生物政治话语的构建和流通​​中所发挥的作用，民族主义敏感性以及性别和种族逻辑。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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