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Effect of terrace forms on water and tillage erosion on a hilly landscape in the Yangtze River Basin, China

机译：梯田形态对长江流域丘陵景观水土流失的影响

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摘要

In long-term agricultural practices, cultivated land on long slopes in hilly areas is sometimes terraced to diminish soil loss caused by water and facilitate farming operations. In the Upper Yangtze River Basia the forms of the terraces vary with the landform, soil resources and traditional techniques used in different areas. This study assessed the pattern of soil redistribution and soil particle size redistribution for two major types of terraces: with and without embankments. Samples of ~(137)Cs and soil texture were collected at the upper and lower parts of terraces, and at an interval of 5 m along the transect of the toposequence of individual terraces. The non-embankment terrace (NET) landscape showed increasing ~(137)Cs downslope, whereas the embankment terrace (ET) landscape exhibited an abrupt change in ~(137)Cs at the embankment Tillage erosion dominated the soil redistribution, with smaller contributions made by water erosion in the ET landscape. In addition to tillage erosion, water erosion played an important role in the soil redistribution in the NET landscape, resulting in a net soil loss at both the upper and lower parts of the terrace. Soil fine particle fractions exhibited a trend of gradual increase along the transect of the toposequence in the NET landscape, and a similar fraction of fine particles was found at the upper and lower parts of the terrace. The establishment of embankments at the lower end of the terrace obstructed the formation and development of overland water flow, thereby creating a line of null downslope soil transport leading to tillage-induced soil accumulation on the upslope side of the embankment with little granulometric sorting. In the NET landscape, soil loss seemed to increase as a result of tillage erosion (an important delivery mechanism for water erosion), accelerating the on-site soil loss. The embankments at the lower end of the sloping terrace played a crucial role in the soil redistribution patterns of the toposequence, resulting in a shift from a water-dominated erosion process to a tillage-dominated process and a distinct pattern of soil particle size distribution.
机译：在长期的农业实践中，有时会在丘陵地带的长坡地上开垦耕地，以减少因水造成的土壤流失并促进耕作。在长江上游的亚洲地区，阶地的形式随地形，土壤资源和不同地区使用的传统技术而变化。这项研究评估了两种主要类型梯田的土壤再分配模式和土壤粒径再分配模式：有和没有路堤。在梯田的上部和下部以及沿各个梯田的后缘相隔5 m的距离收集〜（137）Cs和土壤质地的样品。非路堤阶地（NET）景观显示〜（137）Cs下坡度增加，而路堤阶地（ET）景观在路堤中〜（137）Cs急剧变化。耕作侵蚀以土壤再分配为主，贡献较小。 ET景观中的水蚀。除耕作侵蚀外，水蚀在NET景观中的土壤重新分布中也起着重要作用，导致梯田上部和下部的土壤净流失。在NET景观中，土壤细颗粒部分表现出沿着峰顶的横截面逐渐增加的趋势，并且在阶地的上部和下部也发现了类似的细颗粒部分。阶地低端的堤防的建立阻碍了陆上水流的形成和发展，从而形成了一条无效的下坡土壤运移线，导致耕作引起的土壤堆积在路堤的上坡侧，几乎没有进行粒度分类。在NET景观中，耕作侵蚀（一种重要的水蚀传递机制）的结果是土壤流失增加，加速了现场土壤流失。倾斜阶地低端的路堤在后土层的土壤再分配模式中起着关键作用，从而导致了从以水为主的侵蚀过程转变为以耕作为主的过程，以及独特的土壤粒径分布模式。

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  • 来源
    《Geomorphology》 |2014年第1期|114-124|共11页
  • 作者

    J.H. Zhang; Y. Wang; Z.H. Zhang;

  • 作者单位

    Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, CAS Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Conservancy, Chengdu 610041, China;

    Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, CAS Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Conservancy, Chengdu 610041, China;

    Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, CAS Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Conservancy, Chengdu 610041, China;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Terrace form; Soil particle redistribution; Tillage erosion; Water erosion; Yangtze River Basin; China;

    机译：露台形式;土壤颗粒重新分布;耕作侵蚀;水蚀;长江流域;中国;

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