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首页> 外文期刊>The Leading Edge >Shallow water flow prediction using prestack waveform inversion of conventional 3D seismic data and rock modeling
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Shallow water flow prediction using prestack waveform inversion of conventional 3D seismic data and rock modeling

机译：使用常规3D地震数据的叠前波形反演和岩石建模来预测浅水流量

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Shallow water flow (SWF) layers are frequently encountered in deepwater areas when drilling into poorly consolidated geopressured sands (Figure 1). These sands, when flowing, can cause extensive damage to a borehole. More than $200 million has been lost to date for remediation and prevention of SWF problems in the Gulf of Mexico. Lately, this problem has also been a concern in many other deep-water clastic basins in the world. SWF sands are known to occur in water depths of 450 in or more and typically 300-600 m below the mudline. They are known to be present in almost all deepwater ocean basins where the rate of sedimentation is high. Figure 2 shows the formation of SWF layers in a deepwater environment. Loose and unconsolidated sediments with a high rate of sedimentation characterize the overburden and low permeability seal is created by compacted shales or mud-stones for which the rate of sedimentation is low. If isolated sand bodies are in this shale or mudstone, water from such bodies will not escape easily due to the presence of low-permeability sediments around them. In addition, the high rate of sedimentation from the overburden exerts an enormous pressure on these sediments, causing these isolated bodies containing large amounts of water to be overpressured. These overpressured SWF layers pose a threat to drilling, and their identification prior to drilling is therefore important in reducing risk. In this paper, we study the feasibility of detecting SWF layers using prestack waveform inversion of seismic data in conjunction with geologic analysis of stratigraphic sequences related to SWF zones.
机译：当钻入固结不良的地压砂岩时，在深水区域经常会遇到浅水流（SWF）层（图1）。这些沙子在流动时会严重损坏井眼。迄今为止，已经有超过2亿美元的损失用于补救和预防墨西哥湾的SWF问题。最近，这个问题也成为世界上许多其他深水碎屑盆地中的一个问题。众所周知，SWF砂发生在水深450英寸或更多，通常在泥线以下300-600 m。众所周知，它们几乎存在于沉积速率高的所有深水海盆中。图2显示了在深水环境中SWF层的形成。沉积速率高的疏松和疏松的沉积物是上覆岩层的特征，而低速沉积的致密页岩或泥岩则形成了低渗透性密封。如果在页岩或泥岩中存在孤立的砂体，则由于砂体周围存在低渗透性沉积物，这些砂体中的水将不容易逸出。另外，来自覆盖层的高沉积速率对这些沉积物施加了巨大的压力，从而导致这些包含大量水的孤立物体被超压。这些过压的SWF层对钻井构成威胁，因此在钻井之前对其进行识别对于降低风险非常重要。在本文中，我们研究了使用地震数据的叠前波形反演结合与SWF带相关的地层序列的地质分析来检测SWF层的可行性。

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