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首页> 外文期刊>Deutsche Zeitschrift fur Sportmedisin >Sportverletzungen des Kopfes und Gesichtes
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Sportverletzungen des Kopfes und Gesichtes

机译：头部和面部运动受伤

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摘要

The head, in particular the facial skeleton, can be injured during participation in all kinds of sports, but it is especially endangered by certain specific types of sports. An overall increase in sports-related head and facial injuries from 4.1 % to 13 % over the past 20 years involved five times as many men as women. On the basis of experience concerning 397 patients at Tubingen's Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery, typical facial injuries incurred during various kinds of sports are described, as well as the mechanisms involved in their development and appropriate therapy (stable internal fixation). Whereas figures reflecting injuries incurred during traditional kinds of sports like soccer, handball, boxing and gymnastics have remained stable, injuries caused by generally popular sports such as skiing have increased. In addition to facial abrasions and ruptures, midfa-cial fractures — of the zygomatic bone and arch — are the most frequent types of injury, followed by mandibular fractures (corpus mandibulae and joint). Often covered cranio-cerebral trauma are present as well, specified as commotio cerebri in 15 % of cases. Nowadays fractures were treated by internal fixation with plates and screws.
机译：参加各种运动时，头部，尤其是面部骨骼可能会受伤，但是某些特定类型的运动尤其会危害头部。在过去的20年中，与运动有关的头部和面部受伤从4.1％总体增加到13％，涉及的男性人数是女性的五倍。根据图宾根颌面外科诊所的397例患者的经验，描述了各种运动中典型的面部损伤，以及其发展和适当治疗（稳定的内固定）的机制。反映足球，手球，拳击和体操等传统运动造成伤害的数字保持稳定，而滑雪等普遍流行的运动造成的伤害却有所增加。除面部擦伤和破裂外，mid部骨折（the骨和足弓）是最常见的损伤类型，其次是下颌骨骨折（下颌骨和关节）。通常还存在被覆盖的颅脑外伤，在15％的病例中被指定为commotio cerebri。如今，通过用钢板和螺钉进行内固定来治疗骨折。

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