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Erosion of dune sands stabilised by grouting with lime-silica fume mix

机译：通过用石灰 - 硅胶卷混合灌浆稳定沙丘砂的侵蚀

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Dune sands are often an environmental hazard during strong winds and sand storms, particularly in the summer months. Wherever a granular soil surface is left unprotected, it can be subjected to wind erosion and dune formation. In this study, an attempt was made to stabilise sand dunes by grouting with a slurry of lime-silica fume (L-SF) material. Dune sand samples were collected from northern Iraq. In situ field density of the soil was determined by sand-cone tests for moisture content, classification, compaction, relative density, direct shear and chemical tests. Erosion tests were conducted using centrifugal fans, with wind applied to the soil at a speed of 90 km/h for 11 min. Silica fume (SF) and a L-SF mix were used for stabilisation and their effects on the dune sands were investigated. For grouting, a 1000 ml grout pump was used to stabilise a liquid tank of the L-SF mix; the maximum pumping pressure was about 25 kPa. It was found that when the dune sand was with a slurry of L-SF, there was a reduction in erosion by about 70% for a stabiliser grout of 33% (Lime to SF ratio, 3L : 4SF) with 67% water of the total mixture weight. The stabilisation effect increased with increases in the number and depth of grouting holes around the stabilised area. When wind was applied at a rate of about 90 km/h for 11 min, the eroded natural sand dune surface was about 66 mm, while for soil stabilised by grouting with L-SF, the erosion was 17-36 mm. An increase in the number of injection points and a reduction in the distances between them reduced the amount of soil erosion.
机译：沙丘沙子往往是强风和沙尘暴期间的环境危害，特别是在夏季。无论颗粒状土壤表面都没有保护，它可以受到风腐蚀和沙丘形成。在这项研究中，通过用石灰二氧化硅烟气（L-SF）材料的浆料灌浆来稳定沙丘来稳定沙丘。从伊拉克北部收集沙丘沙子样品。原位场密度通过砂锥试验测定用于水分含量，分类，压实，相对密度，直接剪切和化学试验。使用离心风扇进行侵蚀测试，风以90 km / h的速度施加到土壤11分钟。二氧化硅烟气（SF）和L-SF混合物用于稳定，研究了它们对沙丘砂的影响。为了灌浆，使用1000ml灌浆泵稳定L-SF混合的液体罐;最大泵送压力约为25 kPa。结果发现，当沙丘砂用L-SF的浆料时，稳定剂灌浆的腐蚀率降低约70％（Lime至Sf比率，3L：4SF），其中67％的水总混合重量。稳定效果随着稳定区域周围的灌浆孔的数量和深度的增加而增加。当以约90 km / h的速率施加风速11分钟时，侵蚀的天然沙丘表面约为66毫米，而通过用L-Sf灌浆稳定的土壤，腐蚀为17-36mm。注射点数量的增加和它们之间的距离的减少减少了土壤侵蚀量。

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