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首页> 外文期刊>Ground water >Innovative Environmental Tracer Techniques for Evaluating Sources of Spring Discharge from a Carbonate Aquifer Bisected by a River
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Innovative Environmental Tracer Techniques for Evaluating Sources of Spring Discharge from a Carbonate Aquifer Bisected by a River

机译：创新的环境示踪技术，用于评估被河流一分为二的碳酸盐含水层的春季排放源

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Littlefield Springs discharge about 1.6m~3/s along a 10-km reach of the Virgin River in northwestern Arizona. Understanding their source is important for salinity control in the Colorado River Basin. Environmental tracers suggest that Littlefield Springs are a mixture of older groundwater from the regional Great Basin carbonate aquifer and modern (post-1950s) seepage from the Virgin River. While corrected ~(14)C apparent ages range from 1 to 9ka, large amounts of nucleogenic ~4He and low ~3He/~4He ratios suggest that the carbonate aquifer component is likely even older Pleistocene recharge. Modeled infiltration of precipitation, hydrogeologic cross sections, and hydraulic gradients all indicate recharge to the carbonate aquifer likely occurs in the Clover and Bull Valley Mountains along the northern part of the watershed, rather than in the nearby Virgin Mountains. This high-altitude recharge is supported by relatively cool noble-gas recharge temperatures and isotopically depleted δ~2H and δ~(18). Excess (crustal) SF_6 and ~4He precluded dating of the modern component of water from Littlefield Springs using SF_6 and ~3H/~3He methods. Assuming a lumped-parameter model with a binary mixture of two piston-flow components, Cl~-/Br~-, Cl~-/F~-, δ~2H, and CFCs indicate the mixture is about 60% Virgin River water and 40% groundwater from the carbonate aquifer, with an approximately 30-year groundwater travel time for Virgin River seepage to re-emerge at Littlefield Springs. This suggests that removal of high-salinity sources upstream of the Virgin River Gorge would reduce the salinity of water discharging from Littlefield Springs into the Virgin River within a few decades.
机译：Littlefield Springs沿亚利桑那州西北部维京河（Virgin River）的10公里处排放约1.6m〜3 / s。了解其来源对于控制科罗拉多河流域的盐度至关重要。环境示踪剂表明，利特菲尔德斯普林斯是大盆地碳酸盐岩含水层中较老的地下水与维京河的现代（1950年代后）渗流的混合物。校正后的〜（14）C表观年龄范围为1至9ka，大量成核的〜4He和低的〜3He /〜4He比值表明，碳酸盐含水层成分甚至可能更老的更新世补给。降雨，水文地质剖面和水力梯度的入渗模型均表明，向碳酸盐岩含水层补给的水很可能发生在流域北部的三叶草和布尔河谷山区，而不是附近的维尔京山。这种高空补给由相对凉爽的惰性气体补给温度和同位素耗竭的δ〜2H和δ〜（18）支持。过量（结壳）的SF_6和〜4He排除了使用SF_6和〜3H /〜3He方法测定利特菲尔德温泉中现代水成分的时间。假设集总参数模型包含两个活塞流分量Cl〜-/ Br〜-，Cl〜-/ F〜-，δ〜2H和CFC的二元混合物，则表明该混合物约占维京河水的60％，来自碳酸盐含水层的40％地下水，大约需要30年的地下水流时间，使维珍河渗流重新出现在Littlefield Springs。这表明，在几十年内，去除维尔京河峡谷上游的高盐度水源将减少从利特菲尔德温泉向维尔京河排放的水的盐度。

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  • 来源
    《Ground water》 |2014年第1期|71-83|共13页
  • 作者

    Victor M. Heilweil; Donald S. Sweetkind; Steven J. Gerner;

  • 作者单位

    U.S. Geological Survey, Utah Water Science Center, 2329 Orton Circle, Salt Lake City, UT84119;

    U.S. Geological Survey, Central Mineral Resources Team,Denver, Colorado;

    U.S. Geological Survey, Utah Water Science Center, Salt Lake City, Utah;

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