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Effects of Multiscale Anisotropy on Basin and Hyporheic Groundwater Flow

机译：多尺度各向异性对盆地和地下水渗流的影响

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摘要

Various subsurface flow systems exhibit a combination of small-scale to large-scale anisotropy in hydraulic conductivity (K). The large-scale anisotropy results from systematic trends (e.g., exponential decrease or increase) of K with depth. We present a general two-dimensional solution for calculation of topography-driven groundwater flow considering both small- and large-scale anisotropy in K. This solution can be applied to diverse systems with arbitrary head distribution and geometry of the water table boundary, such as basin or hyporheic flow. In a special case, this solution reduces to the well-known Toth model of uniform isotropic basin. We introduce an integral measure of flushing intensity that quantifies flushing at different depths. Using this solution, we simulate heads and streamlines and provide analyses of flow structure in the flow domain, relevant to basin analyses or hyporheic flow. It is shown that interactions between small-scale anisotropy and large-scale anisotropy strongly control the flow structure. In the classic Toth flow model, the flushing intensity curves exhibit quasi-exponential decrease with depth. The new measure is capable of capturing subtle changes in the flow structure. Our study shows that both small- and large-scale anisotropy characteristics have substantial effects that need to be integrated into analysis of topography-driven flow.
机译：各种地下流动系统在水力传导率（K）方面表现出小尺度到大尺度各向异性的组合。大规模的各向异性是由K随深度的系统趋势（例如指数减小或增大）引起的。考虑到K中的小尺度和大尺度各向异性，我们提出了一种通用的二维解决方案，用于计算由地形引起的地下水流量。该解决方案可以应用于具有任意水头分布和地下水位边界几何形状的各种系统，例如流域或低流量。在特殊情况下，该解决方案简化为均匀各向同性盆地的著名Toth模型。我们引入了冲洗强度的整体度量，用于量化不同深度的冲洗。使用此解决方案，我们可以模拟水头和流线，并提供与盆地分析或低渗流有关的流域内流动结构的分析。结果表明，小尺度各向异性和大尺度各向异性之间的相互作用强烈地控制着流动结构。在经典的Toth流动模型中，冲洗强度曲线随深度呈准指数下降趋势。新措施能够捕获流量结构中的细微变化。我们的研究表明，小尺度和大尺度各向异性都具有实质性影响，需要将其综合到地形驱动流的分析中。

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  • 来源
    《Ground water》 |2011年第4期|p.576-583|共8页
  • 作者

    Vitaly A. Zlotnik$; M. Bayani Cardenas; Daniel Toundykov;

  • 作者单位

    Corresponding author: Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588;

    Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712;

    Department of Mathematics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln,Lincoln, NE 68588;

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