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Modeled Ground Water Age Distributions

机译：模拟地下水年龄分布

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摘要

The age of ground water in any given sample is a distributed quantity representing distributed provenance (in space and time) of the water. Conventional analysis of tracers such as unstable isotopes or anthropogenic chemical species gives discrete or binary measures of the presence of water of a given age. Modeled ground water age distributions provide a continuous measure of contributions from different recharge sources to aquifers. A numerical solution of the ground water age equation of Ginn (1999) was tested both on a hypothetical simplified one-dimensional flow system and under real world conditions. Results from these simulations yield the first continuous distributions of ground water age using this model. Complete age distributions as a function of one and two space dimensions were obtained from both numerical experiments. Simulations in the test problem produced mean ages that were consistent with the expected value at the end of the model domain for all dispersivity values tested, although the mean ages for the two highest dispersivity values deviated slightly from the expected value. Mean ages in the dispersionless case also were consistent with the expected mean ages throughout the physical model domain. Simulations under real world conditions for three dispersivity values resulted in decreasing mean age with increasing dispersivity. This likely is a consequence of an edge effect. However, simulations for all three dispersivity values tested were mass balanced and stable demonstrating that the solution of the ground water age equation can provide estimates of water mass density distributions over age under real world conditions.
机译：任何给定样本中的地下水年龄都是代表水的分布来源（在空间和时间上）的分布量。对示踪剂（例如不稳定的同位素或人为化学物种）的常规分析给出了给定年龄的水的存在的离散或二进制度量。建模的地下水年龄分布可连续测量不同补给源对含水层的贡献。 Ginn（1999）的地下水年龄方程的数值解在假设的简化一维流动系统和实际条件下进行了测试。这些模拟的结果使用此模型得出了地下水年龄的第一个连续分布。从两个数值实验中都获得了作为一个和两个空间维度的函数的完整年龄分布。测试问题的模拟得出的平均寿命与测试的所有分散度值的模型域末尾的预期值一致，尽管两个最高分散度值的平均年龄与预期值略有偏离。在无分散情况下的平均年龄也与整个物理模型域的预期平均年龄一致。在现实条件下对三个分散度值的模拟导致平均年龄随着分散度的增加而降低。这可能是边缘效应的结果。但是，测试的所有三个分散度值的模拟都是质量平衡且稳定的，证明了地下水年龄方程的解可以提供真实世界条件下随着年龄增长的水质量密度分布的估计值。

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  • 来源
    《Ground water》 |2009年第4期|547-557|共11页
  • 作者

    Linda R. Woolfenden; Timothy R. Ginn;

  • 作者单位

    U.S. Geological Survey, 6000 J St., Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819-6129;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616;

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