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首页> 外文期刊>GSA Bulletin >The rate and pattern of bed incision and bank adjustment on the Colorado River in Glen Canyon downstream from Glen Canyon Dam, 1956-2000
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The rate and pattern of bed incision and bank adjustment on the Colorado River in Glen Canyon downstream from Glen Canyon Dam, 1956-2000

机译：1956-2000年格伦峡谷大坝下游格伦峡谷的科罗拉多河上河床切开和河床调整的速度和方式

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摘要

Closure of Glen Canyon Dam in 1963 transformed the Colorado River by reducing the magnitude and duration of spring floods, increasing the magnitude of base flows, and trapping fine sediment delivered from the upper watershed. These changes caused the channel downstream in Glen Canyon to incise, armor, and narrow. This study synthesizes over 45 yr of channel-change measurements and demonstrates that the rate and style of channel adjustment are directly related to both natural processes associated with sediment deficit and human decisions about dam operations. Although bed lowering in lower Glen Canyon began when the first cofferdam was installed in 1959, most incision occurred in 1965 in conjunction with 14 pulsed high flows that scoured an average of 2.6 m of sediment from the center of the channel. The average grain size of bed material has increased from 0.25 mm in 1956 to over 20 mm in 1999. The magnitude of incision at riffles decreases with distance downstream from the dam, while the magnitude of sediment evacuation from pools is spatially variable and extends farther downstream. Analysis of bed-material mobility indicates that the increase in bed-material grain size and reduction in reach-average gradient are consistent with the transformation of an adjustable-bed alluvial river to a channel with a stable bed that is rarely mobilized.
机译：1963年格伦峡谷大坝的关闭，通过减少春季洪水的数量和持续时间，增加了基流的数量，并截留了细小的沉积物，从而改变了科罗拉多河（ < / sup>从上部流域传递。这些变化导致Glen Canyon下游的 通道切开，装甲并变窄。 本研究合成了超过45年的通道变化测量值 和证明了渠道调整的速度和方式 与与 泥沙淤积有关的自然过程以及关于大坝运行的人为决定都直接相关。尽管在1959年安装第一个围堰 时就开始在格伦峡谷下部进行床层下降，但大多数切口是在1965年与 一起发生的，脉冲流为14从通道中心平均冲刷了2.6 m的 沉积物。床身材料的平均晶粒尺寸 从1956年的0.25 mm增加到1999年的20 mm。距大坝下游一段距离，而沉积物 从池中撤离的幅度在空间上是可变的，并且向下游延伸得更远。床层物料迁移率分析表明， 床层物料粒度的增加和到达平均值 梯度的减小与可调节床层的转化相一致。 冲积河到河床，河床稳定，很少动员。 。

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  • 来源
    《GSA Bulletin》 |2007年第6期|556-575|共20页
  • 作者

    Paul E. Grams; John C. Schmidt; David J. Topping;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-5210, USA;

    Department of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-5210, USA;

    Geomorphology and Sediment Transport Laboratory, U.S. Geological Survey, 4620 Technology Drive, Suite 400, Golden, Colorado 80403, USA;

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