Graphical abstract<'/> Brevetoxin (PbTx-2) influences the redox status and NPQ of Karenia brevis by way of thioredoxin reductase
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Brevetoxin (PbTx-2) influences the redox status and NPQ of Karenia brevis by way of thioredoxin reductase

机译：短毒素（PbTx-2）通过硫氧还蛋白还原酶影响短毛克雷耶氏菌的氧化还原状态和NPQ

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Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•Redox status is significantly different in high and low-toxicK. brevis.•Thioredoxin and glutaredoxin activities are higher in low toxicK. brevis..•Reduced diadinoxanthin in low toxicK. brevisresults in NPQ insufficiency.•Inhibition of NTR by brevetoxin results in differences betweenK. brevisstrains.AbstractThe Florida red tide dinoflagellate,Karenia brevis, is the major harmful algal bloom dinoflagellate of the Gulf of Mexico and plays a destructive role in the region. Blooms ofK. breviscan produce brevetoxins: ladder-shaped polyether (LSP) compounds, which can lead to adverse human health effects, such as reduced respiratory function through inhalation exposure, or neurotoxic shellfish poisoning through consumption of contaminated shellfish. The endogenous role of the brevetoxins remains uncertain. Recent work has shown that some forms of NADPH dependent thioredoxin reductase (NTR) are inhibited by brevetoxin-2 (PbTx-2). The study presented herein reveals that high toxin and low toxinK. brevis, which have a ten-fold difference in toxin content, also show a significant difference in their ability, not only to produce brevetoxin, but also in their cellular redox status and distribution of xanthophyll cycle pigments. These differences are likely due to the inhibition of NTR by brevetoxin. The work could shed light on the physiological role that brevetoxin fills forK. brevis.
机译： 图形摘要 < ce：simple-para>省略显示 突出显示 • 氧化还原状态显着高毒和低毒 K有所不同。 brevis 。 • 在低毒的 K中，硫氧还蛋白和谷氨酰胺毒素的活性较高。 brevis。。 • 以低毒性的 K减少了二恶英黄嘌呤。 brevis 会导致NPQ功能不足。 • 由短杆菌毒素抑制NTR会导致 K之间的差异。 brevis 应变。 摘要 < ce：simple-para id =“ spar0085” view =“ all”>佛罗里达州的赤潮鞭毛藻， Karenia brevis ，是墨西哥湾和藻类的主要有害藻华藻鞭藻。在该地区具有破坏性的作用。 K的花朵。 brevis 可能产生短毒素：梯形聚醚（LSP）化合物，可能导致人类健康不良影响，例如因吸入暴露而导致呼吸功能下降，或由于食用受污染的贝类而引起神经毒性贝类中毒。短毒素的内源性作用仍然不确定。最近的工作表明，某些形式的NADPH依赖性硫氧还蛋白还原酶（NTR）被brevetoxin-2（PbTx-2）抑制。本文介绍的研究表明，高毒素和低毒素钾素。在毒素含量上有十倍差异的brevis ，不仅在产生短毒素方面，而且在细胞氧化还原状态和叶黄素循环色素的分布上也表现出明显的差异。这些差异可能是由于短毒素抑制了NTR。这项工作可以揭示短毒素为 K填充的生理作用。 brevis 。

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