首页> 外文期刊>Harmful Algae >Recurrent vernal presence of the toxic Alexandrium tamarense/Alexandrium fundyense (Dinoflagellata) species complex in Narragansett Bay, USA
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Recurrent vernal presence of the toxic Alexandrium tamarense/Alexandrium fundyense (Dinoflagellata) species complex in Narragansett Bay, USA

机译:美国Narragansett湾中有毒亚历山大藻(Tamarense / Alexandriumfundyense)(Dinoflagellata)物种复合物的春季反复存在

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The vernal occurrence of toxic dinoflagellates in the Alexandrium tamarense/Alexandrium fundyense species complex in an enclosed embayment of Narragansett Bay (Wickford Cove, Rhode Island) was documented during 2005 and 2009-2012. This is the first report of regular appearance of the Alexandrium fundyense/Alexandrium tamarense species complex in Narragansett Bay. Thecal plate analysis of clonal isolates using SEM revealed cells morphologically consistent with both Alexandrium tamarense Lebour (Balech) and Alexandrium fundyense Balech. Additionally, molecular analyses confirmed that the partial sequences for 18S through the D1-D2 region of 28S were consistent with the identity of the two Alexandrium species. Toxin analyses revealed the presence of a suite of toxins (C1/ 2, B1 (GTX-5), STX, GTX-2/3. Neo, and GTX-1/4) in both Alexandrium tamarense (6.31 fmol cell~(-1) STX e-equiv.) and Alexandrium fundyense (9.56 fmol cell~(-1) STX equiv.) isolated from Wickford Cove; the toxicity of a Narragansett Bay Alexandrium peruvianum isolate (1.79 fmol cell~(-1) STX equiv.) was also determined. Combined Alexandrium tamarense/Alexandrium fundyense abundance in Wickford Cove reached a peak abundance of 1280 cells L~(-1) (May of 2010), with the combined abundance routinely exceeding levels leading to shellfishing closures in other systems. The toxic Alexandrium tamarensel Alexandrium fundyense species complex appears to be a regular component of the lower Narragansett Bay phytoplankton community, either newly emergent or previously overlooked by extant monitoring programs.
机译:在纳拉甘塞特湾(罗德岛州威克福德湾)的一个封闭小巷中,亚历山大柳/亚历山大粉虱物种复合体中有毒的鞭毛虫的春季发生据记录在2005年和2009-2012年期间。这是在纳拉干西特湾定期出现的亚历山大港y /亚历山大草ta综合体的首次报告。使用SEM对克隆分离物进行的标定板分析显示,细胞形态与亚历山大塔玛伦瑟Lebour(Balech)和亚历山大芬迪Balech一致。此外,分子分析证实了18S到28S的D1-D2区的部分序列与两个亚历山大种的身份一致。毒素分析显示,在两个塔玛亚历山大藻(6.31 fmol细胞〜(-)中均存在一套毒素(C1 / 2,B1(GTX-5),STX,GTX-2 / 3。Neo和GTX-1 / 4) 1)从Wickford Cove分离出的STX e-equiv。)和Alexandry fundyense(9.56 fmol cell〜(-1)STX equiv。);还测定了Narragansett Bay Alexandrium peruvianum分离株(1.79 fmol cell〜(-1)STX equiv。)的毒性。 Wickford Cove的亚历山大Alexandr柳(Tamarense)/亚历山大r柳(Alexandrium Fundyense)的组合丰度达到了1280个细胞L〜(-1)的峰值丰度(2010年5月),该组合丰度通常超过了导致其他系统关闭贝类的水平。有毒的亚历山大塔玛伦瑟亚历山大亚历山大藻的物种群似乎是纳拉甘塞特湾下游浮游植物群落的常规组成部分,无论是新近出现的还是以前被现存的监测计划所忽略。

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