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Azaspiracid variability of Azadinium poporum (Dinophyceae) from the China Sea

机译:来自中国海的叠氮杜鹃(Dinophyceae)的Azaspiracid变异性

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Azadinium poporum is a small dinoflagellate from the family Amphidomataceae which is known for the potential production of azaspiracids (AZAs) causative of azaspiracid shellfish poisoning (AZP). A. poporum has been recorded from European and western Pacific waters. Here we report on the high variability of toxin profiles within this species in Chinese coastal waters. Out of 16 analyzed strains of A poporum from different geographic locations along the Chinese coastline, three strains proved not to contain AZAs, whereas 13 strains contained different combinations of AZA-2, AZA-11, AZA-36, a yet unknown isomer of AZA-1 (named AZA-40) and new AZA with yet unreported molecular mass of 853 Da (named AZA-41). The new AZA-40, other than AZA-1 itself, belongs to the recently discovered "348-type" group, which in tandem mass spectrometry displays a group 4 fragment with m/z 348 instead of the group 4 fragment of the classic AZAs with m/z 362, indicating a shift of a methyl group from the C_(24)-C_(40) part of the molecule (rings F-I) to the C_2-C_9 part (carboxylic side chain and ring A). AZA-41 apparently is a dehydro variant of AZA-2. In addition, a previously reported AZA with a molecular mass 871 DA could be unambiguously assigned to AZA-11, which is known to be a shellfish metabolite of AZA-2. This is the first report of AZA-11 being also de novo synthetized by dinoflagellates.
机译:Azadinium poporum是来自Amphidomataceae的一种小鞭毛藻,因潜在产生引起Azaspiracid贝类中毒(AZP)的Azaspiracids(AZA)而闻名。从欧洲和西太平洋水域记录到了A. poporum。在这里,我们报道了中国沿海水域中该物种内毒素谱的高度变异性。在分析的沿中国海岸线不同地理位置的A种群的16种菌株中,有3种菌株被证明不含AZA,而13种菌株则包含AZA-2,AZA-11,AZA-36(AZA的一个未知异构体)的不同组合。 -1(命名为AZA-40)和新的AZA,但尚未报告的分子量为853 Da(命名为AZA-41)。除AZA-1本身外,新的AZA-40属于最近发现的“ 348型”基团,该基团在串联质谱法中显示具有m / z 348的4组片段,而不是经典AZA的4组片段。 m / z 362表示甲基从分子(环FI)的C_(24)-C_(40)部分转移到C_2-C_9部分(羧基侧链和环A)。 AZA-41显然是AZA-2的脱水变体。此外,先前报道的分子量为871 DA的AZA可以明确分配给AZA-11,后者是AZA-2的贝类代谢产物。这是AZA-11也是由鞭毛虫从头合成的第一份报告。

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