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首页> 外文期刊>Harmful Algae >A review of the molecular evidence for ballast water introduction of the toxic dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum and the Alexandrium 'tamarensis complex' to Australasia
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A review of the molecular evidence for ballast water introduction of the toxic dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum and the Alexandrium 'tamarensis complex' to Australasia

机译：压载水将有毒的鞭毛藻，裸子藻和亚历山大藻的“ tamarensis复合物”引入澳大利亚的分子证据综述

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摘要

The potential of ballast water to act as a major introduction vector for toxic dinoflagellates and other phytoplankton is beyond doubt; however, evidence that links the suspected introduced species with a source population is less convincing, especially without supporting historical and biochemical data, or consideration of palaeobiogeographical scenarios that may explain current species distributions. This paper presents new molecular data based on LSU-rDNA and rDNA-ITS sequences that demonstrate an unequivocal and recent link between Temperate Asian and Australasian populations of the toxic dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum and toxic strains of the Alexandrium "tamarensis complex". We integrate our data with supporting evidence from historical distribution records, sediment dating studies, toxin profiles, mating studies and previous molecular studies. We contrast the observed patterns of genetic and biochemical variation with those expected from various palaeobiogeographical scenarios explaining the evolution and natural dispersal of both species. While definitive proof is impossible, the total evidence indicates that these toxic dinoflagellates were introduced to Australasia during the past 100 years, most probably via ballast water from bulk-cargo shipping from Japan and/or south-east Asia.
机译：压舱水作为有毒的鞭毛藻和其他浮游植物的主要引入媒介的潜力是毋庸置疑的；但是，将可疑引进物种与来源种群联系起来的证据缺乏说服力，特别是在没有支持历史和生化数据或没有考虑可能解释当前物种分布的古生物地理场景的情况下。本文介绍了基于LSU-rDNA和rDNA-ITS序列的新分子数据，这些数据证明了有毒的鞭毛鞭毛裸子藻的温带亚洲和澳大利亚种群与亚历山大“ tamarensis复合物”的毒株之间的明确联系。我们将数据与历史分布记录，沉积物测年研究，毒素概况，交配研究和以前的分子研究的支持证据相结合。我们将观察到的遗传和生化变异模式与各种古生物学地理情景中预期的模式进行了对比，这些模式解释了这两个物种的进化和自然扩散。尽管不可能提供确切的证据，但总的证据表明，这些有毒的鞭毛藻在过去100年中被引入澳大利亚，最有可能是通过从日本和/或东南亚散货运输的压舱水引入的。

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