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Environmental exposures to Florida red tides: Effects on emergency room respiratory diagnoses admissions

机译：佛罗里达州赤潮的环境暴露：对急诊室呼吸系统诊断的影响

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Human exposure to Florida red tides formed by Karenia brevis, occurs from eating contaminated shellfish and inhaling aerosolized brevetoxins. Recent studies have documented acute symptom changes and pulmonary function responses after inhalation of the toxic aerosols, particularly among asthmatics. These findings suggest that there are increases in medical care facility visits for respiratory complaints and for exacerbations of underlying respiratory diseases associated with the occurrence of Florida red tides. This study examined whether the presence of a Florida red tide affected the rates of admission with a respiratory diagnosis to a hospital emergency room in Sarasota, FL. The rate of respiratory diagnoses admissions were compared for a 3-month time period when there was an onshore red tide in 2001 (red tide period) and during the same 3-month period in 2002 when no red tide bloom occurred (non-red tide period). There was no significant increase in the total number of respiratory admissions between the two time periods. However, there was a 19% increase in the rate of pneumonia cases diagnosed during the red tide period compared with the non-red tide period. We categorized home residence zip codes as coastal (within 1.6 km from the shore) or inland ( > 1.6 km from shore). Compared with the non-red tide period, the coastal residents had a significantly higher (54%) rate of respiratory diagnoses admissions than during the red tide period. We then divided the diagnoses into subcategories (i.e. pneumonia, bronchitis, asthma, and upper airway disease). When compared with the non-red tide period, the coastal zip codes had increases in the rates of admission of each of the subcategories during the red tide period (i.e. 31, 56, 44, and 64%, respectively). This increase was not observed seen in the inland zip codes. These results suggest that the healthcare community has a significant burden from patients, particularly those who live along the coast, needing emergency medical care for both acute and potentially chronic respiratory illnesses during red tide blooms.
机译：食用受污染的贝类和吸入雾化的短杆菌毒素会导致人类暴露于短小克氏杆菌形成的佛罗里达赤潮。最近的研究表明，吸入有毒气雾剂后，尤其是哮喘患者，急性症状改变和肺功能反应。这些发现表明，针对呼吸系统疾病和与佛罗里达红潮的发生有关的潜在呼吸系统疾病加重的医疗机构就诊人数有所增加。这项研究检查了佛罗里达红潮的存在是否通过呼吸道诊断影响到佛罗里达州萨拉索塔医院急诊室的入院率。比较2001年发生陆上赤潮的三个月时间（红潮期）和2002年未发生赤潮的三个月时间（非红潮）的呼吸道诊断住院率。期）。在这两个时间段之间，呼吸系统入院总数没有明显增加。但是，与非红潮时期相比，红潮时期确诊的肺炎病例增加了19％。我们将住宅邮政编码分为沿海地区（距海岸1.6公里以内）或内陆地区（距海岸1.6公里以内）。与非红潮时期相比，沿海居民的呼吸系统诊断入院率显着高于红潮时期（54％）。然后，我们将诊断分为子类别（即肺炎，支气管炎，哮喘和上呼吸道疾病）。与非红潮时期相比，沿海邮政编码在红潮时期的每个子类别的接纳率都有所增加（分别为31％，56％，44％和64％）。在内陆邮政编码中未观察到这种增加。这些结果表明，医疗保健界承受着巨大的患者负担，尤其是沿海地区的患者，他们需要在赤潮爆发期间为急诊和潜在的慢性呼吸道疾病急诊。

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