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首页> 外文期刊>Harmful Algae >Experimental study on the impact of dinoflagellate Alexandrium species on populations of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis
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Experimental study on the impact of dinoflagellate Alexandrium species on populations of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis

机译：鞭毛山毛藻物种对轮虫Brachionus plicatilis种群影响的实验研究

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摘要

To investigate harmful effects of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium species on microzooplankton, the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis was chosen as an assay species, and tested with 10 strains of Alexandrium including one known non-PSP-producer (Alexandrium tamarense, AT-6). HPLC analysis confirmed the PSP-content of the various strains: Alexandrium lusitanicum, Alexandrium minutum and Alexandrium tamarense (ATHK, AT5-1, AT5-3, ATCI02, ATCI03) used in the experiment were PSP-producers. No PSP toxins were detected in the strains Alexandrium sp1, Alexandrium sp2. Exposing rotifer populations to the densities of 2000 cells ml~(-1) of each of these 10 Alexandrium strains revealed that the (non-PSP) A. tamarense (AT-6) and two other PSP-producing algae: A. lusitanicum, A. minutum, did not appear to adversely impact rotifer populations. Rotifers exposed to these three strains were able to maintain their population numbers, and in some cases, increase them. Although some increases in rotifer population growth following exposures to these three algal species were noted, the rate was less than for the non-exposed control rotifer groups. In contrast, the remaining seven algal strains (A. tamarense ATHK, AT5-1, AT5-3, ATCI02, ATCI03; also Alexandrium sp1 and Alexandrium sp2) all have adverse effects on the rotifers. Dosing rotifers with respective algal cell densities of 2000 cells ml~(-1) each, for Alexandrium sp1, Alexandrium sp2, and A. tamarense strains ATHK and ATCI03 showed mean lethal time (LT_(50)) on rotifer populations of 21, 28, 29, and 36h, respectively. The remaining three species (A. tamarense strains AT5-1, AT5-3, ATCI02) caused respective mean rotifer LT_(50)S of 56, 56, and 71 h, compared to 160 h for the unexposed "starved control" rotifers. Experiments to determine ingestion rates for the rotifers, based on changes in their Chlorophyll a content, showed that the rotifers could feed on A. lusitanicum, A. minutum and A. tamarense strain AT-6, but could graze to little or no extent upon algal cells of the other seven strains. The effects on rotifers exposed to different cell densities, fractions, and growth phases of A. tamarense algal culture were respectively compared. It was found that only the whole algal cells had lethal effects, with strongest impact being shown by the early exponential growth phase of A. tamarense. The results indicate that some toxic mechanism(s), other than PSP and present in whole algal cells, might be responsible for the adverse effects on the exposed rotifers.
机译：为了调查小鞭毛藻对小鞭毛藻的有害影响，选择轮虫Brachionus plicatilis作为测定菌种，并用10株亚历山大藻菌株进行了测试，其中包括一种已知的非PSP产生剂（Alexandrium tamarense，AT-6）。 HPLC分析证实了各种菌株的PSP含量：实验中使用的亚历山大藻，亚历山大亚历山大藻和塔玛亚历山大藻（ATHK，AT5-1，AT5-3，ATCI02，ATCI03）是PSP生产者。在Alexanderium sp1，Alexanderium sp2菌株中未检测到PSP毒素。将轮虫种群暴露于这10株亚历山大藻菌株中每株的2000细胞ml〜（-1）的密度下，揭示了（非PSP）番茄曲霉（AT-6）和另外两种产生PSP的藻类：lusitanicum， A. minutum，似乎对轮虫种群没有不利影响。暴露于这三种菌株的轮虫能够维持其种群数量，并且在某些情况下能够增加它们的数量。尽管注意到暴露于这三种藻类后轮虫种群的增长有所增加，但该速率低于未暴露的对照组轮虫组。相比之下，其余七个藻株（A. tamarense ATHK，AT5-1，AT5-3，ATCI02，ATCI03；还有亚历山大sp1和亚历山大sp2）都对轮虫有不利影响。亚历山大藻sp1，亚历山大藻sp2和塔玛酵母A. tamarense菌株ATHK和ATCI03的藻类细胞密度分别为2000个细胞ml〜（-1），对轮虫种群21、28显示平均致死时间（LT_（50））。 ，29和36h。其余三个物种（A. tamarense菌株AT5-1，AT5-3，ATCI02）引起的平均轮虫LT_（50）S为56、56和71 h，而未暴露的“饥饿对照”轮虫为160 h。根据叶绿素a含量的变化确定轮虫摄食率的实验表明，这些轮虫可以摄食光秃的A. lusitanicum，A。minutum和A. tamarense菌株AT-6，但很少或根本不吃草其他七个菌株的藻细胞。分别比较了不同条件下轮轴藻对轮虫的影响。发现仅整个藻类细胞具有致死作用，其中最严重的影响显示在番茄的A. tamarense早期指数生长期。结果表明，整个藻类细胞中存在的某些毒性机制（PSP除外）可能是对暴露的轮虫的不利影响。

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