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University–industry relations in Bolivia: implications for university transformations in Latin America

机译：玻利维亚的大学与产业关系：对拉丁美洲大学转型的影响

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摘要

This article examines the implications of how academics respond to the debate on the production of knowledge and its transfer to the productive sector, for the transformation of Latin American universities. The empirical analysis is based on a survey of 349 lecturers from Bolivian public universities, which inquired into aspects of university–industry relations (UIR). Although the results indicate that lecturers are in favour of relations with firms, there are several barriers to such relationships, such as lack of institutional support, generally unfavourable atmosphere in universities, and an industrial structure comprising few firms in knowledge-intensive sectors and firms with low absorptive capacity. In the context of Bolivia, unlike what occurs in developed countries, UIR have been configured around scientifically unimportant activities—technological support and internship schemes to place students in firms—which has had a negative effect on the consolidation of research, an academic activity, to which lecturers devote little of their time. The results of our study show the tensions that exist in efforts to change the university model; there is a reluctance to intensify the commercialisation of research results, and a lack of enthusiasm for introducing complex relationship mechanisms, such as the creation of hybrid structures.
机译：本文探讨了学者如何应对有关知识生产及其向生产部门的转移的辩论对拉丁美洲大学转型的影响。实证分析基于对来自玻利维亚公立大学的349名讲师的调查，该调查调查了大学与产业关系（UIR）的各个方面。尽管结果表明讲师赞成与公司建立关系，但这种关系仍然存在一些障碍，例如缺乏机构支持，大学氛围普遍不利以及知识密集型行业中很少有公司和有知识密集型公司的产业结构吸收能力低。在玻利维亚的情况下，与发达国家不同，UIR围绕科学上不重要的活动进行了配置（技术支持和实习计划以将学生安置在公司中），这对巩固研究，学术活动，哪些讲师只花很少的时间。我们的研究结果表明，在改变大学模式方面存在着紧张关系。人们不愿意加强研究成果的商业化，并且缺乏引入复杂的关系机制（如创建混合结构）的热情。

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