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An airline at the crossroads of the world: Ariana Afghan Airlines, modernization, and the global Cold War

机译：处于世界十字路口的航空公司：阿里亚纳阿富汗航空公司，现代化和全球冷战

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摘要

In 1957, the United States government provided funding for Pan American World Airways to purchase a 49% share in Afghanistan's national airline, Ariana Afghan Airlines. While unusual in its scope, the arrangement was part of a broader program of US technical assistance, administered jointly by government agencies and private corporations, to newly formed airlines in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. Between 1955 and 1965, technical assistance for commercial aviation was critical to the USA's Cold War strategy to win 'hearts and minds,' and to contain Soviet influence, in the developing world. Using Ariana as a case study, this article examines what was at stake for the USA - politically, economically, and culturally - in aviation technical assistance projects. However, the article also argues that such projects should be seen as instances of 'co-production,' in which recipients of technical assistance exploited superpower rivalries and actively shaped the airplane's uses and meanings.
机译：1957年，美国政府为泛美世界航空公司（Pan American World Airways）购买了阿富汗国家航空公司Ariana Afghan Airlines 49％的股份提供了资金。这种安排虽然范围不寻常，但却是美国技术援助计划的一部分，该计划由政府机构和私人公司共同管理，向亚洲，中东和非洲新组建的航空公司提供服务。在1955年至1965年之间，为民航提供技术援助对于美国在发展中国家赢得冷战和遏制苏联影响的冷战战略至关重要。本文以Ariana为例，研究了美国在航空技术援助项目中在政治，经济和文化上面临的风险。但是，文章还认为，此类项目应被视为“共同生产”的实例，其中技术援助的接受者利用了超级大国的竞争优势，并积极塑造了飞机的用途和含义。

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