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首页> 外文期刊>Human Ecology >The Behavior of Fishers After Implementation of the Project to Exterminate Nonindigenous Fish in Lake Biwa, Japan
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The Behavior of Fishers After Implementation of the Project to Exterminate Nonindigenous Fish in Lake Biwa, Japan

机译：日本琵琶湖消灭非本地鱼类项目实施后渔民的行为

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The project to exterminate nonindigenous fish was initiated in Lake Biwa in April 2002 because nonindigenous fish, especially large-mouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), had adversely affected the diversity of indigenous fish. This project allowed fishers to catch nonindigenous fish whenever, wherever, and however they wished and to sell their entire daily landing to the Shiga Prefectural Government (SPG) on a fixed-price basis. That is, the SPG regarded nonindigenous fish as an "open-access resource." This project defined success as the extermination of nonindigenous fish. This study focused on how the fishers behaved after the project began and attempted to identify the factors influencing their behavior. I observed that the ranks of fishers increased because of the policies pertaining to nonindigenous fish. At one level, this result supports the model of "the tragedy of open-access resources." However, this study also found that the behavior of fishers did not always result in "tragedy." In Okishima, fishers' behavior is strongly influenced by merchants. More specifically, fishers must abide by their contracts with merchants, and these effectively prevent them from catching nonindigenous fish even when these appear to bring greater profits. This local mechanism served to limit excessive levels of fishing and impeded "the tragedy of open-access resources." Consequently, the results of this project did not meet the expectations of the SPG.
机译：消灭非本地鱼类的项目于2002年4月在琵琶湖启动，因为非本地鱼类，特别是大嘴鲈（Micropterus salmoides）和蓝g（Lepomis macrochirus）对土著鱼类的多样性产生了不利影响。该项目使渔民可以随时随地捕获非本地鱼类，但是他们希望将其全部日常着陆物以固定价格出售给滋贺县政府（SPG）。即，SPG将非本地鱼类视为“开放获取资源”。该项目将成功定义为消灭非本地鱼类。这项研究的重点是项目开始后渔民的行为，并试图找出影响其行为的因素。我观察到，由于有关非本地鱼类的政策，渔民的数量有所增加。一方面，这一结果支持“开放资源的悲剧”模型。但是，这项研究还发现，渔民的行为并不总是导致“悲剧”。在冲岛，渔民的行为受到商人的强烈影响。更具体地说，渔民必须遵守与商人的合同，这有效地阻止了他们捕捞非本地鱼，即使这些鱼似乎带来了更大的利润。这种地方机制限制了过度捕捞，并阻止了“开放资源的悲剧”。因此，该项目的结果未达到SPG的期望。

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