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首页> 外文期刊>Human Ecology >The Behavior of Fishers After Implementation of the Projectto Exterminate Nonindigenous Fish in Lake Biwa, Japan
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The Behavior of Fishers After Implementation of the Projectto Exterminate Nonindigenous Fish in Lake Biwa, Japan

机译：日本琵琶湖消灭非本地鱼类项目实施后渔民的行为

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The project to exterminate nonindigenous fish wasinitiated in Lake Biwa in April 2002 because nonindigenousfish, especially large-mouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) andbluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), had adversely affected thediversity of indigenous fish. This project allowed fishers tocatch nonindigenous fish whenever, wherever, and howeverthey wished and to sell their entire daily landing to the ShigaPrefectural Government (SPG) on a fixed-price basis. Thatis, the SPG regarded nonindigenous fish as an "open-accessresource." This project defined success as the exterminationof nonindigenous fish. This study focused on how the fishersbehaved after the project began and attempted to identify thefactors influencing their behavior. I observed that the ranksof fishers increased because of the policies pertaining tononindigenous fish. At one level, this result supports themodel of "the tragedy of open-access resources." However,this study also found that the behavior of fishers did notalways result in "tragedy." In Okishima, fishers' behavior isstrongly influenced by merchants. More specifically, fishersmust abide by their contracts with merchants, and theseeffectively prevent them from catching nonindigenous fisheven when these appear to bring greater profits. This localmechanism served to limit excessive levels of fishingand impeded "the tragedy of open-access resources."Consequently, the results of this project did not meet theexpectations of the SPG.
机译：消灭非本地鱼类的项目于2002年4月在琵琶湖启动，因为非本地鱼类，尤其是大嘴鲈（Micropterus salmoides）和bluegill（Lepomis macrochirus）对土著鱼类的多样性产生了不利影响。该项目允许渔民随时随地捕获非本地鱼类，但是他们希望将其全部日常着陆物以固定价格出售给滋贺县政府（SPG）。也就是说，SPG将非本地鱼类视为“开放获取资源”。该项目将成功定义为消灭非本地鱼类。这项研究的重点是项目开始后渔民的行为，并试图找出影响其行为的因素。我观察到，由于有关非本地鱼类的政策，渔民的数量有所增加。一方面，这一结果支持“开放资源的悲剧”模型。但是，这项研究还发现，渔民的行为并不一定会导致“悲剧”。在冲岛，渔民的行为受到商人的强烈影响。更具体地说，渔民必须遵守与商人的合同，即使在这些渔民似乎带来更大利润的情况下，这些渔船也能有效地防止他们捕捞非本地鱼。这种局部机制限制了过度捕捞，阻碍了“开放获取资源的悲剧”。因此，该项目的结果未达到SPG的预期。

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