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Moving from job loss to career management: The past, present, and future of involuntary job loss research

机译：从失业到职业管理：非自愿失业研究的过去，现在和未来

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摘要

Job loss continues to be a pervasive problem, affecting large numbers of workers each year. The research of job loss has evolved from the early, descriptive studies that attempted to understand what the loss of work meant for individuals to a more complex understanding of what individuals do to attempt to manage the job loss and identification of the factors that predispose them to be able to do this managing. From this research, we know that job loss has negative consequences for most, but not all, individuals, that for some individuals having a bad job is better than having no job, and individuals who are more resilient and have better coping skills have better outcomes following the experience. There are, however, many questions yet to be answered, especially in light of the often confusing and sometimes contradictory results of past studies. This review traces the research of job loss from the early exploratory studies through the development of complex models focused around stress, appraisal, and coping and on to the current focus on reemployment quality, underemployment, career exploration and planning, and employability. The article concludes with directions for future theoretical and empirical research, for design of outplacement and other organizational programs, and for policy decisions.
机译：失业仍然是普遍存在的问题，每年影响大量工人。失业的研究已从早期的描述性研究发展而来，这些研究试图了解失业对个人的意义，对个人为管理失业而做的工作以及确定导致失业的因素的更复杂的理解。能够执行此管理。从这项研究中，我们知道失业对大多数人（而不是全部）都具有负面影响，对于一些工作不好的人总比没有工作要好，而且更有韧性和应对能力的人会有更好的结果按照经验。但是，还有许多问题有待解决，特别是考虑到过去研究的结果常常令人困惑，有时甚至相互矛盾。这篇综述追溯了早期的探索性研究的工作流失研究，通过围绕压力，评估和应对的复杂模型的开发，以及当前对再就业质量，就业不足，职业探索和计划以及就业能力的关注。本文的结论是未来的理论和实证研究，布局设计和其他组织计划以及政策决策的方向。

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