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首页> 外文期刊>Human Rights Review >Granting Automata Human Rights: Challenge to a Basis of Full-Rights Privilege
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Granting Automata Human Rights: Challenge to a Basis of Full-Rights Privilege

机译：授予自动机人权：全面权利特权的挑战

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As engineers propose constructing humanlike automata, the question arises as to whether such machines merit human rights. The issue warrants serious and rigorous examination, although it has not yet cohered into a conversation. To put it into a sure direction, this paper proposes phrasing it in terms of whether humans are morally obligated to extend to maximally humanlike automata full human rights, or those set forth in common international rights documents. This paper鈥檚 approach is to consider the ontology of humans and of automata and whether ontological difference between them, that pertains to the very bases of human rights, affects the latter鈥檚 claims to full human rights. Considering common bases of human rights, can these bases tell us whether a certain ontological distinction of humans from automata鈥攐r a de facto distinction about humans tacitly acknowledged by full-rights-recognizing societies鈥攎akes a difference in whether humans are morally obligated to assign these entities full rights? Human rights to security also arise. The conclusion is that humans need not be under any moral obligation to confer full human rights on automata. The paper鈥檚 ultimate point is not to close the discussion with this ontological cap but to set a solid moral and legal groundwork for opening it up tout court.
机译：当工程师提议构造类似人的自动机时，就出现了这样的机器是否值得人权的问题。尽管尚未进行对话，但值得认真认真地审查。为了将其确定为一个正确的方向，本文建议从人类在道义上有义务扩展到最大程度类似于人的自动机的完整人权，或者在共同的国际权利文件中阐明的人权来表述。本文的方法是考虑人类和自动机的本体论，以及它们之间的本体论差异是否属于人权的根本基础，是否影响后者对充分人权的主张。考虑到人权的共同基础，这些基础能否告诉我们，人类与自动机之间的某种本体论区别（“完全承认权利的社会默示承认的关于人类的事实上的区别”）是否在道德上有义务使人类承担责任？赋予这些实体全部权利？安全的人权也出现了。结论是，人类无需承担将自动机授予充分人权的任何道德义务。本文的最终目的不是用这个本体论的上限来结束讨论，而是要为公开审判奠定坚实的道德和法律基础。

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