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首页> 外文期刊>The Hydrographic journal >THE USE OF HISTORICAL BATHYMETRIC CHARTS IN A GIS TO ASSESS MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGE IN ESTUARIES
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THE USE OF HISTORICAL BATHYMETRIC CHARTS IN A GIS TO ASSESS MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGE IN ESTUARIES

机译：在GIS中使用历史性海图来评估河口的形态变化

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摘要

Navigational charts are a valuable data source for the study of morphological change in estuaries, as they provide bathymetric information of many estuaries, and span a vast period of time. Charts are suitable for studying patterns of morphological change, such as shoal and channel migration. In addition, sequential bathymetric charts or bed surveys can be used to calculate sedimentation and erosion rates. However, a number of problems arise when using these data to identify morphological change. Sources of error and uncertainty are associated with surveying techniques used, density of depth sampling points, interpolation and averaging during compilation of the chart. Large systematic errors may stem from the non-uniformity or poorly defined levels to which the depths on the charts are reduced. Errors propagate in spatiotemporal operations using such charts. Analysis of historical bathymetric charts from the Ribble estuary (northwest England) illustrates the difficulties involved in assessing morphological change in a quantitative manner. The pattern of morphological development within the Ribble estuary over the last 150 years was clear and a significant long-term net accretional trend was found. However, temporal variations in the rate of sedimentation on a decaclal scale were generally not significant.
机译：航海图是研究河口形态变化的宝贵数据源，因为它们提供了许多河口的水深信息，并且跨越了很长一段时间。图表适用于研究形态变化的模式，例如浅滩和河道迁移。此外，可以使用连续的测深图或河床调查来计算沉积和侵蚀速率。但是，使用这些数据识别形态变化时会出现许多问题。误差和不确定性的来源与所使用的测量技术，深度采样点的密度，图表的编制过程中的插值和平均有关。较大的系统错误可能是由于图表上的深度降低到不均匀或定义不明确的水平所致。使用此类图表在时空操作中传播错误。对Ribble河口（英格兰西北部）的历史测深图进行的分析说明了定量评估形态变化所涉及的困难。在过去的150年中，Ribble河口内的形态发展格局十分清晰，并且发现了长期的净增值趋势。然而，在十足尺度上的沉积速率的时间变化通常并不显着。

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