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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Ecological data from observer programmes underpin ecosystem-based fisheries management
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Ecological data from observer programmes underpin ecosystem-based fisheries management

机译：来自观察员计划的生态数据为基于生态系统的渔业管理奠定了基础

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摘要

Data required from fisheries monitoring programmes substantially expand as management authorities transition to implement elements of ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM). EBFM extends conventional approaches of managing single fishery effects on individual stocks of target species by taking into account the effects, within a defined ecosystem, of local to regional fisheries on biodiversity, from genotypes to ecological communities. This includes accounting for fishery effects on evolutionary processes, associated and dependent species, habitats, trophic food web processes, and functionally linked systems. Despite seemingly insurmountable constraints, through examples, we demonstrate how data routinely collected in most observer programmes and how minor and inexpensive expansions of observer data fields and collection protocols supply ecological data underpinning EBFM. Observer data enable monitoring bycatch, including catch and mortality of endangered, threatened and protected species, and assessing the performance of bycatch management measures. They provide a subset of inputs for ecological risk assessments, including productivity-susceptibility analyses and multispecies and ecosystem models. Observer data are used to monitor fishery effects on habitat and to identify and protect benthic vulnerable marine ecosystems. They enable estimating collateral sources of fishing mortality. Data from observer programmes facilitate monitoring ecosystem pressure and state indicators. The examples demonstrate how even rudimentary fisheries management systems can meet the ecological data requirements of elements of EBFM.
机译：随着管理当局过渡到实施基于生态系统的渔业管理（EBFM）的要素，渔业监测计划所需的数据大大扩展。 EBFM扩展了传统管理方法，该方法通过考虑在特定生态系统内本地到区域渔业对从基因型到生态群落的生物多样性的影响，来管理单一渔业对目标物种个体种群的影响。这包括考虑渔业对进化过程，相关和相关物种，栖息地，营养性食物网过程以及功能相关系统的影响。尽管存在看似无法克服的约束，但通过示例，我们演示了如何在大多数观察者程序中例行收集数据，以及观察者数据字段和收集协议的微小而廉价的扩展如何提供支持EBFM的生态数据。观察者数据可以监测兼捕，包括濒危，受威胁和受保护物种的捕获和死亡，并评估兼捕管理措施的绩效。它们为生态风险评估提供了一部分输入，包括生产率敏感性分析以及多物种和生态系统模型。观察者数据用于监测渔业对生境的影响，并确定和保护底栖脆弱海洋生态系统。它们可以估算捕鱼死亡率的附带来源。来自观察员计划的数据有助于监测生态系统压力和状态指标。这些示例说明了基本的渔业管理系统如何也可以满足EBFM要素的生态数据要求。

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