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Multidisciplinary perspectives on the history of human interactions with life in the ocean

机译：关于人类与海洋生物相互作用的历史的多学科观点

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摘要

There is an essentially circular interaction between the human social system and the marine ecosystem. The Oceans Past V Conference "Multidisciplinary perspectives on the history of human interactions with life in the ocean" held in Tallinn, Estonia, in May 2015 was an opportunity for the presentation and discussion of papers on a diverse array of topics that examined this socio-ecological system from a historical perspective. Here we provide background to the disciplines participating in the conference and to the conference itself. We summarize the conference papers that appear in this special volume of the ICES JMS and highlight issues which arose during general discussion. We make two conclusions. First, to have greater impact and ensure more efficient use of knowledge gained from marine historical ecology (MHE) and marine environmental history (MEH) in ecosystem-based management and related policy development, practitioners need to work more routinely with population and ecological modellers and statisticians. This will allow greater processing of the available historical data to derive ecologically meaningful properties that can then be used to assess the ecological impact of long-term changes of affected species and define appropriate and realistic management targets. Second, increased multi-and trans-disciplinary effort is required to better understand the relative importance of different human demographic, technological, economic, and cultural drivers on the patterns, intensities and trajectories of human activities affecting marine ecosystems.
机译：人类社会系统与海洋生态系统之间基本上存在循环互动。 2015年5月在爱沙尼亚塔林举行的“过去的海洋V会议”“人类与海洋中的人类相互作用的历史的多学科观点”会议上，我们有机会介绍和讨论有关该主题的论文历史角度看生态系统。在这里，我们为参加会议的学科和会议本身提供了背景。我们总结了出现在ICES JMS特别版中的会议论文，并重点介绍了一般性讨论中出现的问题。我们得出两个结论。首先，为了在基于生态系统的管理和相关政策制定中发挥更大的影响并确保更有效地利用从海洋历史生态学（MHE）和海洋环境历史（MEH）中获得的知识，从业人员需要与人口和生态模型制定者更常规地合作，统计员。这将允许对可用的历史数据进行更大的处理，以得出具有生态意义的特性，然后将其用于评估受影响物种的长期变化的生态影响，并确定适当和现实的管理目标。其次，需要加大跨学科和跨学科的努力，以更好地了解不同人类人口，技术，经济和文化驱动因素对影响海洋生态系统的人类活动的模式，强度和轨迹的相对重要性。

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